The Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 30;25(19):10556. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910556.
Wild and cultivated relatives of wheat are an important source of genetic factors for improving the mineral composition of wheat. In this work, a wheat panel consisting of modern bread wheat varieties, landraces, and introgression lines with genetic material of the wheat species , , , and and the synthetic line was used to identify loci associated with the grain zinc (GZnC) and iron (GFeC) content. Using a BLINK model, we identified 31 and 73 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for GZnC and GFeC, respectively, of which 19 were novel. Twelve MTAs distributed on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 5A, and 5B were significantly associated with GZnC, five MTAs on 2A, 2B, and 5D chromosomes were significantly associated with GFeC, and two SNPs located on 2A and 2B were related to the grain concentration of both trace elements. Meanwhile, most of these MTAs were inherited from A and G genomes of and and positively affected GZnC and GFeC. Eight genes related to iron or zinc transporters, representing diverse gene families, were proposed as the best candidates. Our findings provide an understanding of the genetic basis of grain Zn and Fe accumulation in species of the Timopheevi group and could help in selecting new genotypes containing valuable loci.
小麦的野生和栽培近缘种是改良小麦矿物质组成的遗传因素的重要来源。在这项工作中，利用包含现代面包小麦品种、地方品种和具有小麦种 、 、 、 和 以及合成系 的遗传物质的导入系的小麦群体，鉴定与籽粒锌（GZnC）和铁（GFeC）含量相关的基因座。使用 BLINK 模型，我们分别鉴定到 31 个和 73 个与 GZnC 和 GFeC 相关的标记-性状关联（MTAs），其中 19 个是新的。12 个 MTA 分布在 1B、2A、2B、5A 和 5B 染色体上，与 GZnC 显著相关，5 个 MTA 分布在 2A、2B 和 5D 染色体上，与 GFeC 显著相关，位于 2A 和 2B 上的两个 SNP 与两种微量元素的籽粒浓度有关。同时，这些 MTA 大多来自 和 的 A 和 G 基因组，并正向影响 GZnC 和 GFeC。提出了 8 个与铁或锌转运蛋白相关的基因，它们代表了不同的基因家族，是最好的候选基因。我们的研究结果提供了对 Timopheevi 组物种中籽粒 Zn 和 Fe 积累的遗传基础的理解，并有助于选择含有有价值基因座的新基因型。
