Institute of Physical Education and Sport, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Oct 2;12:1461989. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1461989. eCollection 2024.
The study aimed to evaluate self-perceived changes in lifestyle factors, particularly physical activity (PA), following the transition from secondary school to university. A secondary objective was to examine the relationship between lifestyle variables and weekly PA frequency. Key factors assessed included sleep quality, dietary habits, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and PA frequency.
The study surveyed 1,665 first-year undergraduate students at Slovak public universities (mean age: 20.73 years, SD ±1.39) using adapted versions of Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (CEVS-II) and the Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI). Data collection took place between December 2022 and February 2023.
Significant declines were observed in most lifestyle variables after students transitioned to university. The proportion of students engaging in irregular, or no PA increased from 37% before university to 46% during their studies ( < 0.01). Reports of tiredness upon waking also rose, from 52 to 64% ( < 0.01). Meal frequency decreased, particularly among males, with the percentage of students eating only 1-2 meals per day rising from 9 to 15% ( < 0.05). Conversely, the regularity of breakfast consumption increased, increasing from 65 to 73% ( < 0.01). No significant changes were observed in tobacco smoking habits.
The findings highlight a notable reduction in PA and other lifestyle factors during the transition to university life. These results emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support healthy behaviors during this critical life phase.
本研究旨在评估从中学过渡到大学后，生活方式因素（尤其是体力活动）的自我感知变化。次要目标是检验生活方式变量与每周体力活动频率之间的关系。评估的关键因素包括睡眠质量、饮食习惯、烟酒摄入和体力活动频率。
本研究使用经过改编的健康生活方式问卷（CEVS-II）和简要匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（B-PSQI）对斯洛伐克公立大学的 1665 名一年级本科学生进行了调查（平均年龄：20.73 岁，SD ±1.39）。数据收集于 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 2 月之间进行。
学生进入大学后，大多数生活方式变量都出现了显著下降。从不或不规律进行体力活动的学生比例从大学前的 37%增加到了在校期间的 46%（ < 0.01）。醒来时感到疲倦的报告也从 52%上升到了 64%（ < 0.01）。用餐频率下降，特别是男性，每天只吃 1-2 餐的学生比例从 9%上升到了 15%（ < 0.05）。相反，早餐规律进食的比例从 65%上升到了 73%（ < 0.01）。吸烟习惯没有明显变化。
研究结果突出了在过渡到大学生活期间，体力活动和其他生活方式因素显著减少。这些结果强调了在这个关键生活阶段需要采取有针对性的干预措施来支持健康行为。
