Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jun 16;10:821703. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.821703. eCollection 2022.
Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are modifiable risk factors for an unhealthy lifestyle in university students. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups among German university students with an increased risk for unhealthy behavior. For this purpose, differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior with respect to sociodemographic and study related factors were examined.
A total of 4,351 students participated in an online survey. The amount of physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task-min/week) and the sitting time (h/day) were assessed using the German short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Differences in gender and age as well as field of study, targeted degree and study semester were analyzed using a single factorial ANOVA with Tukey correction or a Welch-ANOVA with Games-Howell correction.
For physical activity, significant differences were found for gender ( = 17.79, < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.009), for field of study ( = 7.41, < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.01), and for study semester ( = 5.53, < 0.05, ηp2 =0.001), but not for age and targeted degree ( > 0.05). For sedentary behavior, significant differences were found for field of study ( = 5.69, < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.01) and targeted degree ( = 3.94, < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.003), but not for gender, age and study semester ( > 0.05).
Female students, students enrolled in "natural sciences, mathematics and informatics" and first year students appear to have an increased risk of an unhealthy lifestyle. Future research should identify barriers to and incentives of physical activity as well as reasons for high amounts of SB in sub-populations of university students. Suitable prevention and intervention programs are necessary.
身体活动不足和久坐行为是大学生不健康生活方式的可改变风险因素。本研究的目的是确定德国大学生中具有较高不健康行为风险的亚组。为此，研究考察了身体活动和久坐行为在社会人口学和学习相关因素方面的差异。
共有 4351 名学生参加了在线调查。使用国际体力活动问卷德国短式版评估身体活动量（代谢当量任务-分钟/周）和久坐时间（小时/天）。使用单因素方差分析（Tukey 校正）或 Welch-ANOVA（Games-Howell 校正）分析性别和年龄以及学习领域、目标学位和学习学期的差异。
在身体活动方面，性别（ = 17.79， < 0.001，ηp2 = 0.009）、学习领域（ = 7.41， < 0.001，ηp2 = 0.01）和学习学期（ = 5.53， < 0.05，ηp2 = 0.001）存在显著差异，但年龄和目标学位（ > 0.05）无差异。在久坐行为方面，学习领域（ = 5.69， < 0.001，ηp2 = 0.01）和目标学位（ = 3.94， < 0.01，ηp2 = 0.003）存在显著差异，但性别、年龄和学习学期（ > 0.05）无差异。
女学生、“自然科学、数学和信息学”专业学生和一年级学生似乎有不健康生活方式的风险增加。未来的研究应确定大学生亚群中身体活动的障碍和激励因素以及久坐行为的原因。有必要制定合适的预防和干预计划。
