Revenäs B, Smedegård G, Arfors K E
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1979 Jun;23(3):278-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1979.tb01452.x.
Aggregate anaphylaxis was induced by intravenous injection of the specific antigen in eight ovalbumin-sensitized monkeys. Changes in respiratory mechanics, acid-base status and blood gases were studied during the following half hour. Within 1 minute after challenge, a short period of respiratory depression, probably reflex-mediated, was observed. This was followed by hyperventilation, and arterial PCO2 decreased. There was a rapid increase in pulmonary resistance (Rpulm) and a concomitant decrease in pulmonary dynamic compliance (Cdyn), suggesting constriction of smooth muscles in the lung. Rpulm returned to the control value but Cdyn remained depressed, as a result of constriction of small airways and pulmonary congestion. Oxygen saturation in arterial blood decreased slightly due to a marked desaturation of mixed venous blood and increased venous admixture. Progressive metabolic acidosis developed, indicating poor tissue oxygenation and perfusion. The changes observed in this study were not severe enough to cause any major disturbance of the gas exchange in the lungs, despite a severe anaphylactic shock.
通过静脉注射特异性抗原，在八只对卵清蛋白致敏的猴子中诱发全身性过敏反应。在接下来的半小时内研究了呼吸力学、酸碱状态和血气的变化。激发后1分钟内，观察到一段短暂的呼吸抑制，可能是反射介导的。随后出现通气过度，动脉PCO2降低。肺阻力（Rpulm）迅速增加，同时肺动态顺应性（Cdyn）降低，提示肺平滑肌收缩。Rpulm恢复到对照值，但由于小气道收缩和肺充血，Cdyn仍处于降低状态。由于混合静脉血明显去饱和和静脉血掺杂增加，动脉血氧饱和度略有下降。出现进行性代谢性酸中毒，表明组织氧合和灌注不良。尽管发生了严重的过敏性休克，但本研究中观察到的变化并不严重，不足以引起肺部气体交换的任何重大紊乱。
