Puhlmann Marie-Luise, van de Rakt Ember, Kerezoudi Evangelia N, Rangel Ignacio, Brummer Robert J, Smidt Hauke, Kaper Frederik S, de Vos Willem M
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands.
Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands.
Microbiome Res Rep. 2024 Apr 26;3(3):28. doi: 10.20517/mrr.2024.04. eCollection 2024.
The cell matrix of plant foods has received little attention in prebiotic fiber research. We aimed to understand the impact of the plant cell matrix in dried chicory root on its breakdown in the human gut to explain its reported beneficial effects on gut and metabolic health. We applied digestion and fermentation models together with an gut barrier integrity model. Plant cell matrix intactness in the upper gastrointestinal tract was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Colonic breakdown of inulin, and chicory root cubes and powder was assessed by gut microbiota analysis using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and determining the kinetics of changes in pH, gas, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Finally, effects on gut barrier integrity were explored by exposing colonic biopsies to fermentation supernatants in an Ussing chamber model. The plant cell matrix of dried chicory root cubes remained intact throughout upper gastrointestinal transit. Dried chicory root fermentation resulted in higher final relative abundances of pectin-degrading and butyrate-producing spp. compared to inulin and a seven-fold increase in spp. in donors where these species were present. Dried chicory root cubes yielded similar total SCFAs but higher final butyrate levels than chicory root powder or isolated inulin with less gas produced. No uniform but donor-specific effects of fermentation supernatants on the maintenance of gut barrier integrity were detected. The intact plant cell matrix of dried chicory root affected its colonic breakdown kinetics and microbiota, underpinning its beneficial effect .
植物性食物的细胞基质在益生元纤维研究中很少受到关注。我们旨在了解菊苣根干品中的植物细胞基质对其在人体肠道内分解的影响，以解释其对肠道和代谢健康的有益作用。我们应用了消化和发酵模型以及肠道屏障完整性模型。通过扫描电子显微镜研究上消化道中植物细胞基质的完整性。使用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序对肠道微生物群进行分析，并测定pH值、气体和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产生变化的动力学，以此评估菊粉、菊苣根块和菊苣根粉在结肠中的分解情况。最后，通过在尤斯灌流室模型中将结肠活检组织暴露于发酵上清液中，探索其对肠道屏障完整性的影响。菊苣根块的植物细胞基质在上消化道转运过程中保持完整。与菊粉相比，菊苣根干品发酵导致果胶降解菌和产丁酸菌的最终相对丰度更高，在存在这些菌种的供体中，这些菌种的丰度增加了7倍。菊苣根块产生的总SCFA与菊苣根粉或分离出的菊粉相似，但最终丁酸水平更高，产生的气体更少。未检测到发酵上清液对维持肠道屏障完整性有统一的、但因供体而异的影响。菊苣根干品完整的植物细胞基质影响其结肠分解动力学和微生物群，这支持了其有益作用。
