Department of Botanical and Environmental Science, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
Department of Food Science Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 21;14(1):24785. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58362-7.
Iris kashmiriana belongs to the family Iridaceae and is an important endemic medicinal plant of Kashmir. The current study was designed to determine the phytoconstituents, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential of ethyl acetate (IRK-ETH) and methanol (IRK-MTH) extracts of Iris kashmiriana flowers. IRK-MTH extract demonstrated maximum radical scavenging activity in DPPH, ABTS, and Superoxide anion radical antioxidant assays with IC values of 73.15 μg/ml, 79.05 μg/ml, and 86.52 μg/ml respectively. IRK-ETH and IRK-MTH extracts possessed phenolic (70.9 and 208.5 mgGAE/gdw) and flavonoid (487.7 and 40.55 mgRE/gdw) contents respectively. In MTT assay IRK-ETH demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity towards the MCF-7 cell line with a GI value of 49.13 μg/ml. Phase contrast and fluorescence microscopic studies in MCF-7 cells revealed that IRK-ETH extract caused condensation of chromatin, rounding of cells, and nuclear condensation in cells which shows the apoptotic potential of the extract. GCMS analysis for phytochemical characterization revealed the presence of 9 compounds in both extracts which have been reported to possess antibacterial, cytotoxic, and anti-oxidant activities. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of different polyphenols in both extracts with IRK-MTH extract having maximum polyphenols like epicatechin, rutin, quercetin, vanillic acid, sinapic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and ellagic acid. These findings suggest that the flowers of Iris kashmiriana possess very good antioxidant and cytotoxic potential owing to its rich phytoconstituents.
喜盐鸢尾属于鸢尾科，是克什米尔特有的重要药用植物。本研究旨在确定喜盐鸢尾花的乙酸乙酯（IRK-ETH）和甲醇（IRK-MTH）提取物的植物成分、抗氧化和细胞毒性。IRK-MTH 提取物在 DPPH、ABTS 和超氧阴离子自由基抗氧化测定中表现出最大的自由基清除活性，IC 值分别为 73.15μg/ml、79.05μg/ml 和 86.52μg/ml。IRK-ETH 和 IRK-MTH 提取物分别含有酚类（70.9 和 208.5 mgGAE/gdw）和类黄酮（487.7 和 40.55 mgRE/gdw）。在 MTT 测定中，IRK-ETH 对 MCF-7 细胞系表现出最高的细胞毒性，GI 值为 49.13μg/ml。在 MCF-7 细胞中进行的相差和荧光显微镜研究表明，IRK-ETH 提取物导致染色质浓缩、细胞变圆和细胞核浓缩，这表明提取物具有凋亡潜力。用于植物化学特征描述的 GCMS 分析表明，两种提取物中均存在 9 种化合物，这些化合物已被报道具有抗菌、细胞毒性和抗氧化活性。HPLC 分析证实了两种提取物中均存在不同的多酚，其中 IRK-MTH 提取物中含有最多的多酚，如表儿茶素、芦丁、槲皮素、香草酸、丁香酸、咖啡酸、绿原酸和鞣花酸。这些发现表明，喜盐鸢尾花由于其丰富的植物成分，具有很好的抗氧化和细胞毒性潜力。
