Agyapong Nana Ama Frimpomaa, Annan Reginald Adjetey, Kroll Florian, Apprey Charles, Aduku Linda Nana Esi, Aidoo Robert, Swart Elizabeth Catherina
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast2331, Ghana.
Africa Research Universities Alliance Centre of Excellence for Non-Communicable Diseases, University of Nairobi, Nairobi00100, Kenya.
Public Health Nutr. 2024 Oct 22;27(1):e260. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024002118.
This study aimed to determine differences in food consumption by the NOVA food categories in South Africa and Ghana and how they relate to poverty and food supply systems.
This study used a cross-sectional design to assess household food acquisition and lived poverty index.
The study was conducted in Khayelitsha and Mount Frere, urban and rural communities in South Africa, respectively, and Ahodwo and Ejuratia, urban and rural communities in Ghana, respectively.
An adult in charge of or knowledgeable about household food acquisition and consumption was selected to participate in the study.
A total of 1299 households participated in the study. Supermarkets were a prominent source of ultra-processed foods for households in South Africa, while informal outlets were an important source of ultra-processed foods in Ghana. Consumption of unprocessed foods was higher among South African households (58·2 %) than Ghanaian households (41·8 %). In South Africa, deprivation was associated with increased odds of infrequent consumption of both unprocessed foods (OR 3·431 < 0·001) and ultra-processed foods (OR 2·656 < 0·001) compared with non-deprivation. In Ghana, no significant differences were observed between deprived households and non-deprived households in relation to the consumption of the NOVA food classes.
Different food supply systems and poverty are associated with household acquisition of the different NOVA food classes. Policies should be geared towards formal shops in South Africa and informal shops in Ghana to reduce the consumption of key obesogenic foods.
本研究旨在确定南非和加纳按新食物分类法划分的食物消费差异，以及这些差异与贫困和食物供应系统之间的关系。
本研究采用横断面设计来评估家庭食物获取情况和生活贫困指数。
该研究分别在南非的城市社区凯伊利沙和农村社区弗勒里山，以及加纳的城市社区阿霍德沃和农村社区埃朱拉提亚进行。
选择一名负责或了解家庭食物获取与消费情况的成年人参与研究。
共有1299户家庭参与了该研究。超市是南非家庭超加工食品的主要来源，而在加纳，非正规销售点是超加工食品的重要来源。南非家庭未加工食品的消费量（58.2%）高于加纳家庭（41.8%）。在南非，与非贫困家庭相比，贫困家庭不经常消费未加工食品（比值比3.431，P<0.001）和超加工食品（比值比2.656，P<0.001）的几率更高。在加纳，贫困家庭与非贫困家庭在新食物分类法各类食物的消费方面未观察到显著差异。
不同的食物供应系统和贫困状况与家庭获取新食物分类法中不同类别食物的情况相关。政策应针对南非的正规商店和加纳的非正规商店，以减少主要致胖食品的消费。
