Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Wallstrasse 3, 55122, Mainz, Germany.
Leibniz-Institute for Resilience Research, AG Wessa, Mainz, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 22;14(1):24926. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-74908-1.
The effects of athletic burnout on life satisfaction vary greatly between individuals, but few studies have examined influencing factors, such as coping mechanisms, that explain these differences. While athletes' performance levels seem to influence the development of burnout symptoms, there is a lack of studies examining different performance levels separately. The present study therefore investigated the predictors of athletic burnout in competitive and leisure athletes separately, as well as possible moderators influencing the relationship between burnout and life satisfaction in these groups. A cross-sectional online study with sport-specific and general questionnaires was conducted. Latent (e.g., resilience) and manifest variables (e.g., stress) were included as predictors of athletic burnout in two structural equation models (competitive: robust RMSEA = 0.065, robust CFI = 0.946; leisure: robust RMSEA = 0.067, robust CFI = 0.937) with data from 422 athletes (M = 23.65; range = 16-67; 43% female, 57% male). Additionally, moderation analyses with coping mechanisms as moderators between burnout and life satisfaction were conducted. Results show that predictors of athletic burnout differ between performance levels. Furthermore, there is a significant moderation effect (p < 0.01) for positive self-concept in competitive sports. Approaches for future research and the development of target group-specific interventions are discussed.
运动性倦怠对生活满意度的影响在个体之间差异很大，但很少有研究探讨过影响因素，如应对机制，这些因素可以解释这些差异。虽然运动员的表现水平似乎会影响倦怠症状的发展，但缺乏分别研究不同表现水平的研究。因此，本研究分别调查了竞技运动员和休闲运动员的运动性倦怠的预测因素，以及这些群体中倦怠与生活满意度之间关系的可能调节因素。一项具有特定运动和一般问卷的横断面在线研究。潜变量（例如，韧性）和显变量（例如，压力）被纳入两个结构方程模型（竞技：稳健 RMSEA = 0.065，稳健 CFI = 0.946；休闲：稳健 RMSEA = 0.067，稳健 CFI = 0.937）中，数据来自 422 名运动员（M = 23.65；范围为 16-67；43%为女性，57%为男性）。此外，还进行了以应对机制为倦怠和生活满意度之间的调节因素的调节分析。结果表明，运动性倦怠的预测因素在表现水平之间存在差异。此外，在竞技运动中，积极的自我概念存在显著的调节效应（p < 0.01）。讨论了未来研究的方法和针对特定目标群体的干预措施的发展。
