Epidemiology and Modelling of Antibiotic Evasion (EMAE), Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Anti-Infective Evasion and Pharmacoepidemiology Team, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2024 Oct;18(10):e70017. doi: 10.1111/irv.70017.
Respiratory viruses are known to represent a high burden in winter, yet the seasonality of many viruses remains poorly understood. Better knowledge of co-circulation and interaction between viruses is critical to prevention and management. We use > 10-year active surveillance in the Valencia Region to assess seasonality and co-circulation.
Over 2010-2021, samples from patients hospitalised for acute respiratory illness were analysed using multiplex real-time PCR to test for 9 viruses: influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), rhino/enteroviruses (HRV/ENV), metapneumovirus (MPV), bocavirus, adenovirus, SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS coronaviruses (HCoV). Winter seasonal patterns of incidence were examined. Instances of co-detection of multiple viruses in a sample were analysed and compared with expected values under a crude model of independent circulation.
Most viruses exhibited consistent patterns between years. Specifically, RSV and influenza seasons were clearly defined, peaking in December-February, as did HCoV and SARS-CoV-2. MPV, PIV and HRV/ENV showed less clear seasonality, with circulation outside the observed period. All viruses circulated in January, suggesting any pair had opportunity for co-infection. Multiple viruses were found in 4% of patients, with more common co-detection in children under 5 (9%) than older ages. Influenza co-detection was generally observed infrequently relative to expectation, while RSV co-detections were more common, particularly among young children.
We identify characteristic patterns of viruses associated with acute respiratory hospitalisation during winter. Simultaneous circulation permits extensive co-detection of viruses, particularly in young children. However, virus combinations appear to differ in their rates of co-detection, meriting further study.
众所周知，呼吸道病毒在冬季造成的负担很高，但许多病毒的季节性仍知之甚少。更好地了解病毒的共同循环和相互作用对于预防和管理至关重要。我们利用瓦伦西亚地区超过 10 年的主动监测来评估季节性和共同循环。
在 2010 年至 2021 年期间，对因急性呼吸道疾病住院的患者样本进行了多重实时 PCR 分析，以检测 9 种病毒：流感、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、副流感病毒（PIV）、鼻病毒/肠道病毒（HRV/ENV）、副黏液病毒（MPV）、博卡病毒、腺病毒、SARS-CoV-2 和非 SARS 冠状病毒（HCoV）。检查了发病率的冬季季节性模式。分析了样本中多种病毒同时检测的情况，并与独立循环的粗模型下的预期值进行了比较。
大多数病毒在各年均表现出一致的模式。具体而言，RSV 和流感季节明确，12 月至 2 月达到高峰，HCoV 和 SARS-CoV-2 也是如此。MPV、PIV 和 HRV/ENV 的季节性不太明显，其循环发生在观察期之外。所有病毒都在 1 月循环，这表明任何一对病毒都有机会同时感染。4%的患者发现了多种病毒，5 岁以下儿童（9%）比其他年龄组更常见共同检测。与预期相比，流感的共同检测通常很少见，而 RSV 的共同检测则更为常见，尤其是在幼儿中。
我们确定了与冬季急性呼吸道住院相关的病毒的特征模式。同时循环允许病毒的广泛共同检测，特别是在幼儿中。然而，病毒组合的共同检测率似乎不同，值得进一步研究。
