Kher-Aldeen Jacob, Cohen Kobi, Lotan Stav, Frischwasser Kobi, Gjonaj Bergin, Tsesses Shai, Bartal Guy
The Andrew & Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
Department of Physical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Tirana-Faculty of Physical & Math Engineering, Tirana, 1000, Albania.
Light Sci Appl. 2024 Oct 24;13(1):298. doi: 10.1038/s41377-024-01610-2.
Shaping and controlling electromagnetic fields at the nanoscale is vital for advancing efficient and compact devices used in optical communications, sensing and metrology, as well as for the exploration of fundamental properties of light-matter interaction and optical nonlinearity. Real-time feedback for active control over light can provide a significant advantage in these endeavors, compensating for ever-changing experimental conditions and inherent or accumulated device flaws. Scanning nearfield microscopy, being slow in essence, cannot provide such a real-time feedback that was thus far possible only by scattering-based microscopy. Here, we present active control over nanophotonic near-fields with direct feedback facilitated by real-time near-field imaging. We use far-field wavefront shaping to control nanophotonic patterns in surface waves, demonstrating translation and splitting of near-field focal spots at nanometer-scale precision, active toggling of different near-field angular momenta and correction of patterns damaged by structural defects using feedback enabled by the real-time operation. The ability to simultaneously shape and observe nanophotonic fields can significantly impact various applications such as nanoscale optical manipulation, optical addressing of integrated quantum emitters and near-field adaptive optics.
在纳米尺度上塑造和控制电磁场对于推动光通信、传感和计量领域高效紧凑设备的发展至关重要，同时对于探索光与物质相互作用及光学非线性的基本特性也具有重要意义。对光进行主动控制的实时反馈在这些研究中具有显著优势，能够补偿不断变化的实验条件以及设备固有的或累积的缺陷。扫描近场显微镜本质上速度较慢，无法提供这种实时反馈，而到目前为止，只有基于散射的显微镜才能做到这一点。在此，我们展示了通过实时近场成像实现直接反馈的对纳米光子近场的主动控制。我们利用远场波前整形来控制表面波中的纳米光子模式，展示了纳米级精度的近场焦点的平移和分裂、不同近场角动量的主动切换以及利用实时操作实现的反馈对因结构缺陷而受损的模式进行校正。同时塑造和观察纳米光子场的能力会对诸如纳米级光学操纵、集成量子发射器的光学寻址以及近场自适应光学等各种应用产生重大影响。
