Ma Yuzhu, Li Haitao, Liu Jian, Zhao Dongyuan
College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Nat Rev Chem. 2024 Dec;8(12):915-931. doi: 10.1038/s41570-024-00658-3. Epub 2024 Oct 23.
Porous nanoreactors mimic the structures and functions of cells, providing an adaptable material with multiple functions and effects. These reactors can be nanoscale containers and shuttles or catalytic centres, drawing in reactants for cascading reactions with multishelled designs. The detailed construction of multi-level reactors at the nanometre scale remains a great challenge, but to regulate the reaction pathways within a reactor, designs of great intricacy are required. In this Review, we define the basic structural characteristics of porous nanoreactors, while also discussing the design principles and synthetic chemistry of these structures with respect to their emerging applications in energy storage and heterogeneous catalysis. Finally, we describe the difficulties of the structural optimization of these reactors and propose possible ways to improve porous nanoreactor design for future applications.
多孔纳米反应器模拟细胞的结构和功能，提供了一种具有多种功能和效应的适应性材料。这些反应器可以是纳米级容器、穿梭体或催化中心，通过多壳层设计吸引反应物进行级联反应。纳米级多级反应器的详细构建仍然是一个巨大的挑战，但要调控反应器内的反应路径，则需要极其复杂的设计。在本综述中，我们定义了多孔纳米反应器的基本结构特征，同时讨论了这些结构在储能和多相催化新兴应用方面的设计原理和合成化学。最后，我们描述了这些反应器结构优化的难点，并提出了改进多孔纳米反应器设计以用于未来应用的可能方法。
