Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhoushan Women and Children Hospital, Zhoushan, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Oct 23;24(1):427. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03569-x.
It is common knowledge that people's intestinal microbiota is significantly influenced by the external environment. Although the Antarctic continent has been discovered for nearly 200 years, it is still unclear how this environment affects the human intestinal microbiota, especially that of the Chinese Han population.
Twelve explorers underwent a one-year Antarctic deployment from December 2017 to December 2018. The gut microbiota and clinical indexes at five time points, including two months (T1), five months (T2), eight months (T3), 11 months (T4) of residence in Antarctica and 7 months after returning to China (T5), were investigated.
The intestinal microbiota of the participants was changed after one-year Antarctic deployment even after they left Antarctica. For the microbiota tested after returning to China (T5), the amount of Citrobacter, Akkermansia and conditional pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella increased significantly (P < 0.05). The concentration of the major biochemical indicators in the serum exhibited an increasing trend before T3, and decreased significantly at T4. When tested again at T5, most of the serum concentrations increased, only 5-hydroxytryptamine was significantly decreased. Spearman correlation analysis showed the change in the relative abundance of Anaerotruncus was negatively associated with the changes in the concentration of total thyroxine, alanine transaminase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, serum cystatin C and apolipoprotein A1. The relative abundance change in Citrobacter was positively associated with the change in the concentration of uric acid.
By objectively analyzing the influence of the Antarctic environment on the change of intestinal microbiota, we were able to provide theoretical support for subsequent Antarctic related research.
众所周知，人的肠道微生物群受外部环境影响显著。尽管南极大陆已被发现近 200 年，但人们仍不清楚这种环境如何影响人类肠道微生物群，尤其是中国汉族人群的肠道微生物群。
12 名探险者于 2017 年 12 月至 2018 年 12 月进行了为期一年的南极部署。调查了 5 个时间点（T1，T2，T3，T4 和 T5）的肠道微生物群和临床指标，分别为在南极居住的两个月（T1）、五个月（T2）、八个月（T3）、十一个月（T4）和返回中国后的七个月（T5）。
参与者在南极部署一年后，即使离开南极，肠道微生物群也发生了变化。在返回中国后（T5）测试的微生物群中，Citrobacter、Akkermansia 和大肠杆菌-志贺氏菌等条件致病菌的数量显著增加（P < 0.05）。血清中主要生化指标的浓度在 T3 之前呈上升趋势，在 T4 时显著下降。在 T5 再次测试时，大多数血清浓度增加，只有 5-羟色胺显著降低。Spearman 相关分析表明，Anaerotruncus 的相对丰度变化与总甲状腺素、丙氨酸转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、血清胱抑素 C 和载脂蛋白 A1 浓度的变化呈负相关。Citrobacter 的相对丰度变化与尿酸浓度的变化呈正相关。
通过客观分析南极环境对肠道微生物群变化的影响，为后续的南极相关研究提供了理论支持。
