有吸引力的靶向糖饵在马里西北部低流行地区降低疟疾媒介丰度的效果。

The efficacy of attractive targeted sugar baits in reducing malaria vector abundance in low-endemicity settings of northwest Mali.

机构信息

Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technology of Bamako, BP 1805, Bamako, Mali.

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Kuvin Centre for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, IMRIC, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.

出版信息

Malar J. 2024 Oct 23;23(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s12936-024-05098-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12936-024-05098-4

PMID:39443969

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11515541/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) have the potential to significantly reduce infective female Anopheles mosquitoes in arid areas, such as in Northern Mali. Malaria is epidemic in the north due to the limited viability of Anopheles species in the desert climate. The goal of this study was to determine of the effect of ATSB on the number of older female An. gambiae and on the number of sporozoite-positive females in villages in northern Mali.

METHODS

Villages were located in the north of Mali. In this study, 5677 ATSB stations were deployed, two on each home, in ten villages during late July and early August 2019. Ten villages served as controls. After a pre-treatment monitoring period in July, An. gambiae populations were monitored again from August to December using CDC-UV light traps, pyrethrum spray catches (PSC), and human landing catches (HLC). Mosquitoes were dissected to estimate their age, while ELISA detected sporozoite positivity. The monthly entomological inoculation rates (EIRs) were calculated for HLC indoors and outdoors. Data from villages were compared using t-tests, while bait station weighted density versus amount of collected females was checked with a Pearson's correlation.

RESULTS

A total of 2703 female An. gambiae were caught from treated villages, 4582 from control villages, a 41.0% difference. Dissection of 1759 females showed that ATSB significantly reduced the number of older females. The proportion of older females in treated villages was 0.93% compared to 9.4% in control villages. ELISA analysis of 7285 females showed that bait stations reduced the number of sporozoite-positive females. The infective females in treated villages was 0.30% compared to 2.73% in the controls. The greater the density of bait stations deployed, the fewer the older, infective females (P < 0.05). EIRs were low in control villages except in months when An. gambiae populations were high. EIRs in ATSB placement villages remained zero. Significant reductions (P < 0.0001) in An. gambiae males were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Bait stations reduced all measures of vector populations in this study. In a low-transmission setting, ATSB has the potential to greatly reduce malaria.

摘要

背景

有吸引力的靶向糖诱饵（ATSBs）有可能显著减少干旱地区（如马里北部）的感染性雌性疟蚊。由于沙漠气候中疟蚊种类的生存能力有限，北部疟疾流行。本研究的目的是确定 ATSB 对马里北部村庄中老年雌性 An. gambiae 数量和孢子阳性雌性数量的影响。

方法

村庄位于马里北部。在这项研究中，2019 年 7 月下旬至 8 月初，在 10 个村庄的每个家庭中部署了 5677 个 ATSB 站。10 个村庄作为对照。在 7 月进行预处理监测期后，从 8 月至 12 月，使用 CDC-UV 灯诱捕器、除虫菊酯喷雾捕获（PSC）和人类降落捕获（HLC）再次监测 An. gambiae 种群。对蚊子进行解剖以估计其年龄，同时 ELISA 检测孢子阳性。计算室内和室外 HLC 的每月昆虫接种率（EIR）。使用 t 检验比较村庄数据，同时使用 Pearson 相关检查诱饵站加权密度与收集的雌性数量。

结果

从处理过的村庄共捕获了 2703 只雌性 An. gambiae，从对照村庄捕获了 4582 只，差异为 41.0%。对 1759 只雌性的解剖表明，ATSB 显著减少了老年雌性的数量。处理过的村庄中老年雌性的比例为 0.93%，而对照村庄中为 9.4%。对 7285 只雌性的 ELISA 分析表明，诱饵站减少了孢子阳性雌性的数量。处理过的村庄中的感染雌性为 0.30%，而对照中的感染雌性为 2.73%。部署的诱饵站密度越大，老年、感染雌性的数量就越少（P<0.05）。除了 An. gambiae 种群较高的月份外，对照村庄的 EIR 较低。在 ATSB 放置村庄中，EIR 仍为零。观察到雄蚊显著减少（P<0.0001）。