Sanguinetti Virginia Margarita, Adams Cindy, Campbell John, Checkley Sylvia L, Windeyer Claire
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
Vet Sci. 2024 Sep 25;11(10):453. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11100453.
Disease prevention is a cornerstone of herd management for minimizing preweaning calf mortality. However, scientific evidence about the usefulness of practices in herds is scarce. The first objective was for a group of veterinarians to determine which practices are most useful considering their effectiveness, ease of implementation, and economic feasibility. A second objective was for them to define which practices should be included in a tool to facilitate discussions between producers and veterinarians. Expert opinions and consensus were determined using a modified Delphi approach. During two questionnaire rounds, participants scored the effectiveness, ease of implementation, and economic feasibility of each practice. Overall scores for each practice were calculated, and feedback reports were sent to participants between rounds showing the groups' median responses. Consensus on which practices should be included in the tool was targeted during the workshops. Twelve veterinary experts participated. Administering clostridial vaccines and providing calves with colostrum in case they had not nursed were considered practices that were 'always useful for all herds'. However, most practices had intermediate levels of usefulness, and among these, antibiotics were considered the least useful. Nevertheless, all practices discussed during the workshops attained a consensus about being included in the future tool to facilitate on-farm discussions.
疾病预防是牛群管理的基石，可将断奶前犊牛死亡率降至最低。然而，关于牛群中各种做法有效性的科学证据却很匮乏。第一个目标是让一组兽医根据各种做法的有效性、实施的难易程度和经济可行性，确定哪些做法最有用。第二个目标是让他们确定哪些做法应纳入一个工具中，以促进生产者和兽医之间的讨论。采用改良的德尔菲法确定专家意见和共识。在两轮问卷调查中，参与者对每种做法的有效性、实施的难易程度和经济可行性进行评分。计算每种做法的总体得分，并在两轮调查之间向参与者发送反馈报告，显示小组的中位数回复。在研讨会上确定了工具中应包含哪些做法的共识。十二位兽医专家参与其中。接种梭菌疫苗以及在犊牛未哺乳时提供初乳被认为是“对所有牛群都始终有用”的做法。然而，大多数做法的有用性处于中等水平，其中抗生素被认为是最没用的。尽管如此，研讨会上讨论的所有做法都就被纳入未来工具以促进农场讨论达成了共识。
