An Expert Consensus Study Regarding Management Practices to Prevent Infectious Mortality in Preweaned Beef Calves in Western Canada.

Disease prevention is a cornerstone of herd management for minimizing preweaning calf mortality. However, scientific evidence about the usefulness of practices in herds is scarce. The first objective was for a group of veterinarians to determine which practices are most useful considering their effectiveness, ease of implementation, and economic feasibility. A second objective was for them to define which practices should be included in a tool to facilitate discussions between producers and veterinarians. Expert opinions and consensus were determined using a modified Delphi approach. During two questionnaire rounds, participants scored the effectiveness, ease of implementation, and economic feasibility of each practice. Overall scores for each practice were calculated, and feedback reports were sent to participants between rounds showing the groups' median responses. Consensus on which practices should be included in the tool was targeted during the workshops. Twelve veterinary experts participated. Administering clostridial vaccines and providing calves with colostrum in case they had not nursed were considered practices that were 'always useful for all herds'. However, most practices had intermediate levels of usefulness, and among these, antibiotics were considered the least useful. Nevertheless, all practices discussed during the workshops attained a consensus about being included in the future tool to facilitate on-farm discussions.