Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 25;14(1):25353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76736-9.
Natural adjuvants have recently garnered interest in the field of vaccinology as their immunostimulatory effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential use of Peyssonnelia caulifera (PC), a marine alga, as a natural adjuvant for an inactivated split A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 influenza vaccine (sPR8) in a murine model. We administered PC-adjuvanted vaccines to a murine model via intramuscular prime and boost vaccinations, and subsequently analyzed the induced immunological responses, particularly the production of antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies, memory T and B cell responses, and the protective efficacy against a lethal viral infection. PC extract significantly bolstered the vaccine efficacy, demonstrating balanced Th1/Th2 responses, increased memory T and B cell activities, and improved protection against viral infection. Notably, within 3 days post-vaccination, the PC adjuvant stimulated activation markers on dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages at the inguinal lymph nodes (ILN), emphasizing its immunostimulatory capabilities. Furthermore, the safety profile of PC was confirmed, showing minimal local inflammation and no significant adverse effects post-vaccination. These findings contribute to our understanding of the immunomodulatory properties of natural adjuvants and suggest the promising roles of natural adjuvants in the development of more effective vaccines for infectious diseases.
天然佐剂因其免疫刺激作用，最近在疫苗学领域引起了关注。在这项研究中，我们旨在研究海洋藻类 Peyssonnelia caulifera（PC）作为灭活的 A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 流感疫苗（sPR8）在小鼠模型中的天然佐剂的潜在用途。我们通过肌肉内初免和加强免疫接种将 PC 佐剂疫苗施用于小鼠模型，随后分析诱导的免疫反应，特别是抗原特异性 IgG1 和 IgG2a 抗体、记忆 T 和 B 细胞反应以及对致命病毒感染的保护效力。PC 提取物显著增强了疫苗的效力，表现出平衡的 Th1/Th2 反应、增加的记忆 T 和 B 细胞活性以及改善的对病毒感染的保护作用。值得注意的是，在接种疫苗后 3 天内，PC 佐剂刺激了腹股沟淋巴结（ILN）中的树突状细胞（DC）和巨噬细胞的激活标志物，强调了其免疫刺激能力。此外，PC 的安全性特征得到了证实，显示出最小的局部炎症，接种疫苗后没有明显的不良反应。这些发现有助于我们了解天然佐剂的免疫调节特性，并表明天然佐剂在开发更有效的传染病疫苗方面具有广阔的应用前景。
