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叶面 CeO 纳米粒子在高 CO 下对菠菜（Spinacia oleracea L.）的形态生理、生化和营养响应。

Morphophysiological, biochemical, and nutrient response of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by foliar CeO nanoparticles under elevated CO.

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.

Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, 66252, Najran, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 25;14(1):25361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76875-z.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-76875-z
PMID:39455820
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11511818/
Abstract

Nanomaterials offer considerable benefits in improving plant growth and nutritional status owing to their inherent stability, and efficiency in essential nutrient absorption and delivery. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) at optimum concentration could significantly influence plant morpho-physiology and nutritional status. However, it remains unclear how elevated CO and CeO NPs interactively affect plant growth and quality. Accordingly, the ultimate goal was to reveal whether CeO NPs could alter the impact of elevated CO on the nutrient composition of spinach. For this purpose, spinach plant morpho-physiological, biochemical traits, and nutritional contents were evaluated. Spinach was exposed to different foliar concentrations of CeO NPs (0, 25, 50, 100 mg/L) in open-top chambers (400 and 600 CO μmol/mol). Results showed that elevated CO enhanced spinach growth by increasing photosynthetic pigments, as evidenced by a higher photosynthetic rate (Pn). However, the maximum growth and photosynthetic pigments were observed at the highest concentration of CeO NPs (100 mg/L) under elevated CO. Elevated CO resulted in a decreased stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (Tr), whereas CeO NPs enhanced these parameters. No significant changes were observed in any of the measured biochemical parameters due to increased levels of CO. However, an increase in antioxidant enzymes, particularly in catalase (CAT; 14.37%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; 10.66%) activities, was observed in high CeO NPs (100 mg/L) treatment under elevated CO levels. Regarding plant nutrient content, elevated CO significantly decreases spinach roots and leaves macro and micronutrients as compared to ambient CO levels. CeO NPs, in a dose-dependent manner, with the highest increase observed in 100 mg/L CeO NPs treatment and increased roots and shoots magnesium (211.62-215.49%), iron (256.68-322.77%), zinc (225.89-181.49%), copper (21.99-138.09%), potassium (121.46-138.89%), calcium (118.22-91.32%), manganese (133.15-195.02%) under elevated CO. Overall, CeO NPs improved spinach growth and biomass and reverted the adverse effects of elevated CO on its nutritional quality. These findings indicated that CeO NPs could be used as an effective approach to increase vegetable growth and nutritional values to ensure food security under future climatic conditions.

摘要

纳米材料因其内在的稳定性和在必需养分吸收和输送方面的高效性，在改善植物生长和营养状况方面具有显著优势。氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO NPs）在最佳浓度下可以显著影响植物的形态生理学和营养状况。然而，目前尚不清楚升高的 CO 和 CeO NPs 如何相互作用影响植物生长和质量。因此，最终目标是揭示 CeO NPs 是否可以改变升高的 CO 对菠菜营养成分的影响。为此，评估了菠菜的植物形态生理学、生物化学特性和营养含量。菠菜在开顶式气室中暴露于不同叶面浓度的 CeO NPs（0、25、50、100 mg/L）下（400 和 600 CO μmol/mol）。结果表明，升高的 CO 通过增加光合色素来促进菠菜的生长，这表现在更高的光合速率（Pn）上。然而，在升高的 CO 下，最高浓度的 CeO NPs（100 mg/L）下观察到最大的生长和光合色素。升高的 CO 导致气孔导度（gs）和蒸腾速率（Tr）降低，而 CeO NPs 则增强了这些参数。由于 CO 水平的升高，任何测量的生化参数都没有观察到显著变化。然而，在高 CeO NPs（100 mg/L）处理下，抗氧化酶，特别是过氧化氢酶（CAT；14.37%）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX；10.66%）的活性增加。与环境 CO 水平相比，升高的 CO 显著降低了菠菜根和叶中的宏量和微量营养素。CeO NPs 以剂量依赖的方式增加，在 100 mg/L CeO NPs 处理下增加最多，增加了根和茎中的镁（211.62-215.49%）、铁（256.68-322.77%）、锌（225.89-181.49%）、铜（21.99-138.09%）、钾（121.46-138.89%）、钙（118.22-91.32%）、锰（133.15-195.02%）。总的来说，CeO NPs 提高了菠菜的生长和生物量，并逆转了升高的 CO 对其营养品质的不利影响。这些发现表明，CeO NPs 可以作为一种有效手段，在未来气候条件下增加蔬菜的生长和营养价值，以确保粮食安全。

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