Alsherif Emad A, Hajjar Dina, Aldilami Mohammad, AbdElgawad Hamada
Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jul 13;14:1183185. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1183185. eCollection 2023.
Elevating CO (eCO) levels will change behavior and the effect of soil fertilizers and nutrients. Selenium NPs (SeNPs) have arisen as an alternative to conventional Se fertilizers to enrich crops. However, it remains unclear whether eCO will change the biological effects of soil SeNPs on plant growth and metabolism. The current study aimed to shed new light on the interactive impacts of eCO and SeNPs on wheat plants. Accordingly, the attempts were to reveal whether the application of SeNPs can modulate the eCO effects on wheat ( L.) physiological and biochemical traits. With this goal, a pot experiment was carried out where the seeds were primed with SeNPs and plants were grown under two levels of CO concentrations (ambient CO (aCO, 410 μmol CO mol; and eCO (710 μmol CO mol)) during six weeks after sowing. Although SeNPs+eCO treatment resulted in the highest accumulation of photosynthetic pigment content in leaves (+49-118% higher than control), strong evidence of the positive impacts on Rubisco activity (+23%), and stomatal conductance (+37%) was observed only under eCO, which resulted in an improvement in photosynthesis capacity (+42%). When photosynthesis parameters were stimulated with eCO, a significant improvement in dry matter production was detected, in particular under SeNPs+eCO which was 1.8 times higher than control under aCO. The highest content of antioxidant enzymes, molecules, and metabolites was also recorded in SeNPs+eCO, which might be associated with the nearly 50% increase in sodium content in shoots at the same treatment. Taken together, this is the first research documenting the effective synergistic impacts of eCO and SeNPs on the mentioned metabolites, antioxidants, and some photosynthetic parameters, an advantageous consequence that was not recorded in the individual application of these treatments, at least not as broadly as with the combined treatment.
提高二氧化碳（eCO）水平会改变植物行为以及土壤肥料和养分的作用。硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）已成为一种替代传统硒肥来使作物富集硒的选择。然而，目前尚不清楚eCO是否会改变土壤SeNPs对植物生长和代谢的生物学效应。本研究旨在揭示eCO和SeNPs对小麦植株的交互影响。因此，研究试图揭示SeNPs的施用是否能调节eCO对小麦生理生化特性的影响。为实现这一目标，进行了盆栽试验，在播种后的六周内，用SeNPs对种子进行引发处理，并使植株在两种二氧化碳浓度水平下生长（环境二氧化碳浓度（aCO，410 μmol CO₂/mol；和eCO（710 μmol CO₂/mol））。尽管SeNPs + eCO处理导致叶片光合色素含量积累最高（比对照高49 - 118%），但仅在eCO条件下观察到对核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶活性（约 + 23%）和气孔导度（约 + 37%）有积极影响的有力证据，这导致光合能力提高（+ 42%）。当用eCO刺激光合作用参数时，检测到干物质产量显著提高，特别是在SeNPs + eCO处理下，比aCO条件下的对照高1.8倍。抗氧化酶、分子和代谢物的最高含量也出现在SeNPs + eCO处理中，这可能与同一处理下地上部钠含量增加近50%有关。综上所述，这是第一项记录eCO和SeNPs对上述代谢物、抗氧化剂和一些光合参数产生有效协同影响的研究，这种有利结果在单独施用这些处理时未被记录到，至少不像联合处理那样广泛。
