Seo Jeong Won, Habiba Sarmin Ummey, Munni Yeasmin Akter, Choi Ho Jin, Aktar Asma, Mazumder Kishor, Nah Deuk-Young, Yang In-Jun, Moon Il Soo
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea.
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Sep 25;13(10):1161. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101161.
Active compounds from plants and herbs are increasingly incorporated into modern medical systems to address cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Mill., commonly known as fennel, is an aromatic medicinal plant and culinary herb that is popular worldwide.
Protective effects against cellular damage were assessed in the H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) experimental model. The identities of phytochemicals in FVSE were determined by GC-MS analysis. The phytochemical's potential for nutrients and pharmacokinetic properties was assessed by ADMET analysis.
GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extracts of identified 41 bioactive compounds, with four prominent ones: anethole, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone, ethoxydimethylphenylsilane, and para-anisaldehyde diethyl acetal. Among these, anethole stands out due to its potential for nutrients and pharmacokinetic properties assessed by ADMET analysis, such as bioavailability, lipophilicity, flexibility, and compliance with Lipinski's Rule of Five. In the H/R injury model of H9C2 heart myoblast cells, FVSE and anethole suppressed H/R-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA double-strand break damage, nuclear condensation, and the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of FVSE and its prominent component, anethole, in the treatment of CVDs, particularly those associated with hypoxia-induced damage.
植物和草药中的活性化合物越来越多地被纳入现代医疗体系以治疗心血管疾病（CVDs）。小茴香（学名Foeniculum vulgare Mill.）是一种芳香药用植物和烹饪香草，在全球都很受欢迎。
在H9C2心肌细胞缺氧/复氧（H/R）实验模型中评估对细胞损伤的保护作用。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析确定小茴香种子乙醇提取物（FVSE）中的植物化学成分。通过ADMET分析评估植物化学成分的营养潜力和药代动力学特性。
对FVSE乙醇提取物的GC-MS分析鉴定出41种生物活性化合物，其中四种较为突出：茴香脑、对甲氧基苯丙酮、乙氧基二甲基苯基硅烷和对茴香醛二乙缩醛。其中，茴香脑因其通过ADMET分析评估的营养潜力和药代动力学特性而脱颖而出，如生物利用度、亲脂性、柔韧性以及符合Lipinski的五规则。在H9C2心肌母细胞的H/R损伤模型中，FVSE和茴香脑抑制了H/R诱导的活性氧（ROS）生成、DNA双链断裂损伤、核浓缩以及线粒体膜电位（ΔΨm）的消散。
这些发现突出了FVSE及其主要成分茴香脑在治疗CVDs，特别是与缺氧诱导损伤相关的疾病方面的治疗潜力。
