Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Cardiology, Cardinal Wyszynski Hospital in Lublin, 20-718 Lublin, Poland.
Nutrients. 2022 May 9;14(9):1973. doi: 10.3390/nu14091973.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of deaths globally. The main target for prevention of cardiovascular (CV) risk are lifestyle changes, including particular dietary recommendations, involving high intake of fruits and vegetables. Flavonols are a subgroup of flavonoids-compounds present in fruits, vegetables, and tea-known for their antioxidative properties. There are many findings about the beneficial impact of flavonols on general CV risk and its factors, but mainly from in vitro and animal model studies. This paper summarizes data from human studies about flavonols' impact on general CV risk and its factors. A high dietary intake of flavonols could decrease CVD mortality directly or through impact on selected CV factors; however, available data are inconsistent. Nonetheless, specific groups of patients (smoking men, hypertensive and diabetic patients) can potentially benefit from selected dietary modifications or flavonols (quercetin) supplementation. Future investigations about kaempferol and myricetin are needed.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球死亡的主要原因。预防心血管（CV）风险的主要目标是生活方式的改变，包括特殊的饮食建议，涉及水果和蔬菜的高摄入量。类黄酮是黄酮类化合物的一个亚组-存在于水果、蔬菜和茶中的化合物-以其抗氧化特性而闻名。有许多关于类黄酮对一般 CV 风险及其因素的有益影响的发现，但主要来自体外和动物模型研究。本文总结了关于类黄酮对一般 CV 风险及其因素的影响的人体研究数据。高饮食类黄酮摄入量可以直接或通过对选定的 CV 因素的影响来降低 CVD 死亡率；然而，现有数据不一致。尽管如此，某些特定群体的患者（吸烟男性、高血压和糖尿病患者）可能受益于特定的饮食改变或类黄酮（槲皮素）补充。需要进一步研究坎斐尔醇和杨梅素。
