Șorodoc Victorița, Indrei Lucia, Dobroghii Catinca, Asaftei Andreea, Ceasovschih Alexandr, Constantin Mihai, Lionte Cătălina, Morărașu Bianca Codrina, Diaconu Alexandra-Diana, Șorodoc Laurențiu
Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Second Internal Medicine Department, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania.
J Clin Med. 2024 Oct 12;13(20):6094. doi: 10.3390/jcm13206094.
Amiodarone, a bi-iodinated benzofuran derivative, is among the most commonly used antiarrhythmic drugs due to its high level of effectiveness. Though initially categorized as a class III agent, amiodarone exhibits antiarrhythmic properties across all four classes of antiarrhythmic drugs. Amiodarone is highly effective in maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation while also playing a crucial role in preventing a range of ventricular arrhythmias. Amiodarone has a complex pharmacokinetic profile, characterized by a large volume of distribution and a long half-life, which can range from several weeks to months, resulting in prolonged effects even after discontinuation. Side effects may include thyroid dysfunction, pulmonary fibrosis, and hepatic injury, necessitating regular follow-ups. Additionally, amiodarone interacts with several drugs, including anticoagulants, which must be managed to prevent adverse effects. Therefore, a deep understanding of both oral and intravenous formulations, as well as proper dosage adjustments, is essential. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and updated review on amiodarone's indications, contraindications, recommended dosages, drug interactions, side effects, and monitoring protocols.
胺碘酮是一种双碘代苯并呋喃衍生物，因其高效性而成为最常用的抗心律失常药物之一。尽管最初被归类为III类药物，但胺碘酮在所有四类抗心律失常药物中均表现出抗心律失常特性。胺碘酮在阵发性心房颤动患者中维持窦性心律非常有效，同时在预防一系列室性心律失常方面也起着关键作用。胺碘酮具有复杂的药代动力学特征，其特点是分布容积大、半衰期长，可从数周延长至数月，即使停药后仍有延长效应。副作用可能包括甲状腺功能障碍、肺纤维化和肝损伤，因此需要定期随访。此外，胺碘酮与多种药物相互作用，包括抗凝剂，必须加以管理以预防不良反应。因此，深入了解口服和静脉制剂以及正确调整剂量至关重要。本文旨在对胺碘酮的适应证、禁忌证、推荐剂量、药物相互作用、副作用和监测方案进行全面更新的综述。
