Lin Zhi-Hu, Phan Sang-Nguyen-Cao, Tran Diem-Ngoc-Hong, Lu Mei-Kuang, Lin Tung-Yi
Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
J Chin Med Assoc. 2025 Jan 1;88(1):1-11. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000001186. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
Antrodia cinnamomea ( Ac ), also known as "Niu-Chang-Chih" in Chinese, is a valuable fungus that has been widely used as medicine and food among indigenous people in Taiwan. Ac is rich in polysaccharides ( Ac -PS), making it a promising candidate for adjunctive therapy in cancer and inflammation conditions. There are two types of Ac -PS: general (non-sulfated) PS ( Ac -GPS) and sulfated PS ( Ac -SPS). This review highlights that both Ac -GPS and Ac -SPS possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Each type influences interleukin signaling pathways to exert its anti-inflammatory effects. Ac -GPS is particularly effective in alleviating inflammation in the brain and liver, while Ac -SPS shows its efficacy in macrophage models. Both Ac -GSP and Ac -SPS have demonstrated anticancer effects supported by in vitro and in vivo studies, primarily through inducing apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. They may also synergize with chemotherapy and exhibit antiangiogenic properties. Notably, Ac -SPS appears to have superior anticancer efficacy, potentially due to its sulfate groups. Furthermore, Ac -SPS has been more extensively studied in terms of its mechanisms and effects on lung cancer compared with Ac -GPS, highlighting its significance in cancer research. In addition, Ac -SPS is often reported for its ability to activate macrophage-mediated responses. Clinically, Ac -GPS has been used as an adjunctive therapy for advanced lung cancer, as noted in recent reports. However, given the numerous studies emphasizing its anticancer mechanisms, Ac -SPS may exhibit greater efficacy, warranting further investigation. This review concludes that Ac -derived Ac -GPS or Ac -SPS have the potential to be developed into functional health supplements or adjunctive therapies, providing dual benefits of anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects.
樟芝，中文也称为“牛樟芝”，是一种珍贵的真菌，在台湾原住民中已被广泛用作药物和食品。樟芝富含多糖（樟芝多糖），使其成为癌症和炎症性疾病辅助治疗的有希望的候选物。樟芝多糖有两种类型：普通（非硫酸化）多糖（樟芝普通多糖）和硫酸化多糖（樟芝硫酸化多糖）。本综述强调，樟芝普通多糖和樟芝硫酸化多糖均具有免疫调节、抗炎和抗癌特性。每种类型都影响白细胞介素信号通路以发挥其抗炎作用。樟芝普通多糖在减轻脑和肝脏炎症方面特别有效，而樟芝硫酸化多糖在巨噬细胞模型中显示出其功效。樟芝普通多糖和樟芝硫酸化多糖均已通过体外和体内研究证明具有抗癌作用，主要是通过诱导各种癌细胞系凋亡。它们还可能与化疗协同作用并表现出抗血管生成特性。值得注意的是，樟芝硫酸化多糖似乎具有 superior anticancer efficacy，可能是由于其硫酸基团。此外，与樟芝普通多糖相比，樟芝硫酸化多糖在肺癌的机制和作用方面的研究更为广泛，突出了其在癌症研究中的重要性。此外，经常报道樟芝硫酸化多糖具有激活巨噬细胞介导反应的能力。临床上，如最近报道所述，樟芝普通多糖已被用作晚期肺癌的辅助治疗。然而，鉴于众多研究强调其抗癌机制，樟芝硫酸化多糖可能表现出更大的功效，值得进一步研究。本综述得出结论，樟芝衍生的樟芝普通多糖或樟芝硫酸化多糖有可能被开发成功能性健康补充剂或辅助治疗方法，提供抗炎和抗癌双重益处。
