Zhu Yiyan, Bayin Caicaike, Li Hongjie, Shu Xiaokang, Deng Jiangnan, Yuan Haowen, Shen Huyan, Liang Zhou, Li Yao
State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China.
RSC Adv. 2024 Oct 29;14(46):34415-34427. doi: 10.1039/d4ra05560h. eCollection 2024 Oct 23.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide promising prospects for the field of healthcare and rehabilitation, presenting significant advantages for humanity. The development of electrodes that exhibit satisfactory performance characteristics, including high electrical conductivity, optimal comfort, and exceptional stability, is crucial for the effective implementation of electroencephalography (EEG) recording in BCI systems. The present study introduces a novel EEG electrode design that utilizes a composite material consisting of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and polyurethane (PU) sponge. This electrode is characterized by its low impedance, stability, and flexibility. This work offers a high level of comfort while in touch with the skin and is designed to be user-friendly. Due to its notable moisturizing capacity, adaptable structure, and the presence of conductive RGO networks, the RGOPU semi-dry electrode exhibits a skin-contact impedance of less than 5.6 kΩ. This value is equivalent to that of a wet electrode and lower than that of a commercially available semi-dry electrode. The stability tests have demonstrated the outstanding electrical and mechanical performance of the material, hence confirming its suitability for long-term EEG recording. Additionally, the RGOPU semi-dry electrode demonstrates stable recording of EEG data and accurate detection of action potentials. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between the RGOPU semi-dry electrode and wet electrodes exceeds 0.9. Additionally, it acquires electroencephalogram signals characterized by high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in the context of alpha-wave and steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) tests. The accuracy of the BCI is similar to that of wet electrodes, indicating a potential capability for sensing EEG in BCI applications.
脑机接口（BCIs）为医疗保健和康复领域提供了广阔的前景，对人类具有显著优势。开发具有令人满意性能特征的电极，包括高电导率、最佳舒适度和卓越稳定性，对于在BCI系统中有效实施脑电图（EEG）记录至关重要。本研究介绍了一种新型的EEG电极设计，该设计采用了由还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）和聚氨酯（PU）海绵组成的复合材料。这种电极具有低阻抗、稳定性和柔韧性的特点。该产品在与皮肤接触时提供高度的舒适度，且设计得用户友好。由于其显著的保湿能力、适应性结构以及导电RGO网络的存在，RGO-PU半干电极的皮肤接触阻抗小于5.6 kΩ。这个值与湿电极相当，且低于市售半干电极。稳定性测试证明了该材料出色的电气和机械性能，从而证实了其适用于长期EEG记录。此外，RGO-PU半干电极展示了EEG数据的稳定记录和动作电位的准确检测。此外，RGO-PU半干电极与湿电极之间的相关系数超过0.9。此外，在阿尔法波和稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP）测试中，它获取的脑电图信号具有高信噪比（SNRs）。BCI的准确性与湿电极相似，表明其在BCI应用中具有感知EEG的潜在能力。
