Rayat Pisheh Hossein, Haghdel Mobin, Jahangir Mahboube, Hoseinian Monireh Sadat, Rostami Yasuj Shaghayegh, Sarhadi Roodbari Ali
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Oct 16;12:1476510. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1476510. eCollection 2024.
Kidney disease encompasses a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from simple infections to chronic kidney disease. When the kidneys are unable to filter blood and remove waste products, these abnormalities can lead to kidney failure. In severe cases of kidney failure, kidney transplantation is considered the only definitive treatment. Worldwide, the World Health Organization (WHO) repeatedly emphasizes the importance of organ donation and increasing transplantation rates. Many countries implement national programs to promote the culture of organ donation and improve patient access to kidney transplantation. The extent to which this procedure is performed varies across countries and is influenced by several factors, including the volume of organ donation, medical infrastructure, access to technology and health policies. However, a kidney transplant comes with challenges and problems that impact its success. Kidney tissue engineering is a new approach that shows promise for repairing and replacing damaged kidney tissue. This article reviews recent advances in kidney tissue engineering, focusing on engineered structures such as hydrogels, electrospinning, 3D bioprinting, and microfluidic systems. By mimicking the extracellular environment of the kidney, these structures provide suitable conditions for the growth and development of kidney cells. The role of these structures in the formation of blood vessels, the mimicry of kidney functions and the challenges in this field were also discussed. The results of this study show that kidney tissue engineering has high potential for treating kidney diseases and reducing the need for kidney transplantation. However, to achieve clinical application of this technology, further research is required to improve the biocompatibility, vascularization and long-term performance of engineered tissues.
肾脏疾病涵盖了广泛的病症，从简单的感染到慢性肾病不等。当肾脏无法过滤血液并清除废物时，这些异常情况可能会导致肾衰竭。在肾衰竭的严重病例中，肾移植被认为是唯一的确定性治疗方法。在全球范围内，世界卫生组织（WHO）反复强调器官捐赠的重要性以及提高移植率。许多国家实施国家计划，以促进器官捐赠文化并改善患者获得肾移植的机会。这一手术的实施程度在不同国家有所不同，并受到多种因素的影响，包括器官捐赠量、医疗基础设施、技术可及性和卫生政策。然而，肾移植也面临着影响其成功率的挑战和问题。肾脏组织工程是一种新方法，显示出修复和替换受损肾脏组织的前景。本文综述了肾脏组织工程的最新进展，重点关注诸如水凝胶、静电纺丝、3D生物打印和微流控系统等工程结构。通过模拟肾脏的细胞外环境，这些结构为肾脏细胞的生长和发育提供了适宜的条件。还讨论了这些结构在血管形成、肾脏功能模拟以及该领域面临的挑战中的作用。这项研究的结果表明，肾脏组织工程在治疗肾脏疾病和减少肾移植需求方面具有很高的潜力。然而，为了实现这项技术的临床应用，需要进一步研究以提高工程组织的生物相容性、血管化程度和长期性能。
