Schneider Joshua L, Pugeda Lauren R, Iverson Jana M
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh.
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.
Dev Psychol. 2024 Oct 31. doi: 10.1037/dev0001870.
-the view that development in one domain can induce change in another-provide unique flexibility for researchers to examine relations among multiple behaviors. Research using this theoretical framework has demonstrated that changes in infant locomotor development are met with concomitant changes in infants' interactions with objects and caregivers. However, little is known about how infants' real-time locomotor actions organize these larger associations across developmental time. This study mapped the progression of one potential moment-to-moment cascade pathway linking changes in infant locomotion, access to objects and caregivers, and joint object play. We observed 30 infant-caregiver dyads during three monthly sessions across the transition to walking ( = 11.98 months, range = 8.74-14.86) and examined whether and how infants' real-time locomotor actions shaped the unfolding of the cascade. Infants moved more frequently in supported upright postures (i.e., cruising, supported walking) compared to crawling at the prewalking session and compared to walking at walk onset. However, infants preferred to walk after spending 1 month as walkers. Regardless of how they moved, infants regularly encountered objects and caregivers during everyday exploration. But there was an effect of locomotor posture on joint object play. Specifically, dyads were most likely to engage in object play after supported upright bouts at the prewalking and walk onset sessions, but at the final walking session, they were most likely to do so after walking bouts. Taken together, this in-depth examination of moment-to-moment cascades highlights the contributions of the many timescales that drive developmental processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
一种观点认为，一个领域的发展可以引发另一个领域的变化，这为研究人员考察多种行为之间的关系提供了独特的灵活性。运用这一理论框架的研究表明，婴儿运动发展的变化伴随着婴儿与物体及照料者互动的变化。然而，对于婴儿的实时运动行为如何在整个发展过程中组织这些更大的关联，我们却知之甚少。本研究描绘了一条潜在的即时级联路径的发展过程，该路径连接了婴儿运动、接触物体和照料者以及共同物体游戏的变化。我们在婴儿向行走过渡的三个月期间，每月观察30对婴儿-照料者二元组（平均年龄=11.98个月，范围=8.74 - 14.86个月），并考察婴儿的实时运动行为是否以及如何塑造了级联的展开。与学步前阶段的爬行相比，以及与刚开始行走时的行走相比，婴儿以支撑直立姿势（即扶着东西移步、支撑行走）移动的频率更高。然而，婴儿在成为行走者1个月后更喜欢行走。无论他们如何移动，婴儿在日常探索中经常会遇到物体和照料者。但是运动姿势对共同物体游戏有影响。具体而言，在学步前和刚开始行走阶段，二元组在支撑直立活动后最有可能进行物体游戏，但在最后的行走阶段，他们在行走活动后最有可能这样做。综上所述，对即时级联的深入研究突出了驱动发展过程的多个时间尺度的作用。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
