Gerland Lars, Baumann Freerk Theeagnus
Institut für Kreislaufforschung und Sportmedizin, Abteilung II: Molekulare und zelluläre Sportmedizin, Deutsche Sporthochschule, Köln, Deutschland.
AG Onkologische Bewegungsmedizin/Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2024 Nov;67(11):1288-1294. doi: 10.1007/s00103-024-03967-6. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
Burnout and fatigue have overlaps in their symptoms. The common denominator is exhaustion. Physical activity has been shown to be a risk-reducing factor for the development or manifestation of symptoms. There is also evidence of an effect of physical activity in the acute phase, rehabilitation, and aftercare of burnout as well as in diseases that are associated with the occurrence of fatigue and their treatments.In burnout research, physical activity is considered a risk-reducing factor and coping strategy, but there are no specific exercise recommendations with regard to symptom severity. In the area of tiredness/fatigue, the overall picture is inconsistent: there are already targeted recommendations for exercise therapy in a multimodal approach for individual clinical pictures. For example, there is high evidence for the use of appropriately dosed physical activity in cancer patients in adjuvant therapy and aftercare. Other diseases associated with the occurrence of fatigue, such as long- and post-COVID, have not yet been sufficiently researched to make clear statements about a dose-response relationship. For some diseases, there are already targeted recommendations for exercise therapy in a multimodal approach.This paper aims to provide an overview of the current state of exercise research in burnout and fatigue and thus, on the one hand, make therapy recommendations for practitioners and patients, and on the other hand, shed light on the evidence in those areas in which there are (still) no general and individualized exercise recommendations and guidelines.
职业倦怠和疲劳在症状上存在重叠。它们的共同特征是疲惫。体育活动已被证明是症状发展或表现的一个风险降低因素。也有证据表明体育活动在职业倦怠的急性期、康复期和后期护理中以及在与疲劳发生及其治疗相关的疾病中具有作用。在职业倦怠研究中，体育活动被视为一个风险降低因素和应对策略，但对于症状严重程度没有具体的运动建议。在疲劳领域，总体情况并不一致：对于个别临床情况的多模式运动疗法已经有针对性的建议。例如，在辅助治疗和后期护理中，对癌症患者使用适当剂量的体育活动有充分的证据。其他与疲劳发生相关的疾病，如长期新冠和新冠后疾病，尚未得到充分研究，无法就剂量反应关系做出明确说明。对于一些疾病，已经有针对多模式运动疗法的针对性建议。本文旨在概述职业倦怠和疲劳运动研究的现状，从而一方面为从业者和患者提供治疗建议，另一方面阐明那些（仍然）没有通用和个性化运动建议及指南的领域中的证据。
