Naczenski Lea M, Vries Juriena D de, Hooff Madelon L M van, Kompier Michiel A J
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University.
Erasmus University Rotterdam, Department of Work & Organizational Psychology.
J Occup Health. 2017 Nov 25;59(6):477-494. doi: 10.1539/joh.17-0050-RA. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
Burnout constitutes a health risk, and interventions are needed to reduce it. The aim of this study was to synthesize evidence regarding the relationship between physical activity and burnout by conducting a systematic review of longitudinal and intervention studies.
A literature search resulted in the identification of a final set of ten studies: four longitudinal and six intervention studies. In separate analyses for each category, evidence was synthesized by extracting the study characteristics and assessing the methodological quality of each study. The strength of evidence was calculated with the standardized index of convergence (SIC).
In longitudinal studies, we found moderately strong evidence (SIC (4) = -1) for a negative relationship between physical activity and the key component of burnout, i.e., exhaustion. We found strong evidence (SIC (6) = -0.86) for the effect of physical activity on reducing exhaustion in intervention studies. As only one study could be classified as a high quality study, these results of previous studies need to be interpreted with some caution.
This systematic review suggests that physical activity constitutes an effective medium for the reduction of burnout. Although consistent evidence was found, there is a lack of high quality longitudinal and intervention studies considering the influence of physical activity on burnout. Therefore, future research should be conducted with the aim to produce high quality studies, to develop a full picture of physical activity as a strategy to reduce burnout.
职业倦怠构成健康风险，需要采取干预措施来降低它。本研究的目的是通过对纵向研究和干预研究进行系统评价，综合有关体育活动与职业倦怠之间关系的证据。
文献检索最终确定了十项研究：四项纵向研究和六项干预研究。在对每个类别进行单独分析时，通过提取研究特征和评估每项研究的方法学质量来综合证据。证据强度用标准化收敛指数（SIC）计算。
在纵向研究中，我们发现体育活动与职业倦怠的关键成分即疲惫之间存在负相关的中度有力证据（SIC(4)=-1）。在干预研究中，我们发现体育活动对减轻疲惫有效果的有力证据（SIC(6)=-0.86）。由于只有一项研究可被归类为高质量研究，因此对先前研究的这些结果需要谨慎解读。
本系统评价表明，体育活动是减轻职业倦怠的有效手段。虽然发现了一致的证据，但缺乏考虑体育活动对职业倦怠影响的高质量纵向和干预研究。因此，未来的研究应以开展高质量研究为目标，以全面了解体育活动作为减轻职业倦怠策略的情况。
