Strieder Monique M, Bragagnolo Felipe S, Mendiola Jose A, Rostagno Maurício A, Ibáñez Elena
Foodomics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28049, Spain.
Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil.
ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2024 Oct 17;12(43):16052-16063. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c05897. eCollection 2024 Oct 28.
The design of new hydrophobic solvents is essential for replacing the toxic hexane for extracting nonpolar compounds such as fatty acids. On the other hand, the full use of plant matrices seeking to obtain new food and pharmaceutical products from their coproducts has also been the focus of sustainable processes. This study proposed new solvents for replacing hexane to extract fatty acids and hydrophobic bioactive compounds from coproducts obtained from almond- and peanut-based milk processing. The COSMO-RS method was used to select terpene-based mixtures to substitute hexane. Experimentally, four liquid solvents were formed from 1:2 tetradecanol/1,8-cineole (TE/EU), 1:2 camphor/1,8-cineole (CA/EU), 1:1 oleic acid/1,8-cineole (OL/EU), and 1:1 menthol/1,8-cineole (ME/EU). DSC analyses indicated the reduction of the CA/EU, OL/EU, and ME/EU melting points concerning their components. However, the melting point values predicted by the COSMO for obtaining eutectic mixtures differed. CA/EU was the only mixture with a melting point lower than the COSMO-RS-predicted one. In contrast, the FTIR spectra did not provide a clear visualization of the hydrogen bond formation between camphor and 1,8-cineole. This could be due to the formation of weak hydrogen bonds, a phenomenon observed in other studies. Nevertheless, these solvents have the advantage of low viscosity, a promising feature that likely facilitated mass transfer in the extraction of hydrophobic compounds from almond and peanut coproducts. ME/EU provided the same global extraction yield as hexane and higher phytosterol extraction from almond coproducts. On the other hand, CA/EU provided the same global yield and squalene content as hexane from peanut coproducts. The extracts can be directly used in food and pharmaceutical applications since the solvents are usually part of the formulations. However, DSC and TGA-DTA analyses indicated possible ways to separate the solvents.
设计新型疏水溶剂对于替代有毒的己烷以提取脂肪酸等非极性化合物至关重要。另一方面，充分利用植物基质，试图从其副产品中获取新的食品和药品，也一直是可持续工艺的重点。本研究提出了新型溶剂来替代己烷，以从杏仁奶和花生奶加工的副产品中提取脂肪酸和疏水性生物活性化合物。采用COSMO-RS方法选择基于萜烯的混合物来替代己烷。通过实验，由1:2十四烷醇/1,8-桉叶素（TE/EU）、1:2樟脑/1,8-桉叶素（CA/EU）、1:1油酸/1,8-桉叶素（OL/EU）和1:1薄荷醇/1,8-桉叶素（ME/EU）形成了四种液体溶剂。差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析表明，CA/EU、OL/EU和ME/EU的熔点相对于其组分有所降低。然而，COSMO预测的用于获得共晶混合物的熔点值有所不同。CA/EU是唯一熔点低于COSMO-RS预测值的混合物。相比之下，傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）并未清晰显示樟脑与1,8-桉叶素之间氢键的形成。这可能是由于形成了弱氢键，其他研究中也观察到了这种现象。尽管如此，这些溶剂具有低粘度的优点，这一有前景的特性可能有助于从杏仁和花生副产品中提取疏水性化合物时的传质过程。ME/EU的总提取率与己烷相同，且从杏仁副产品中提取的植物甾醇含量更高。另一方面，CA/EU从花生副产品中获得的总产率和角鲨烯含量与己烷相同。由于这些溶剂通常是配方的一部分，提取物可直接用于食品和制药应用。然而，DSC和热重-差示热分析（TGA-DTA）表明了分离溶剂的可能方法。
