Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Microb Biotechnol. 2024 Nov;17(11):e70041. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.70041.
Recent years have witnessed major advances and an ever-growing list of healthcare applications for microbiome-based therapeutics. However, these advances have disproportionately targeted diseases common in high-income countries (HICs). Within low- to middle-income countries (LMIC), opportunities for microbiome-based therapeutics include sexual health epidemics, maternal health, early life mortality, malnutrition, vaccine response and infectious diseases. In this review we detail the advances that have been achieved in microbiome-based therapeutics for these areas of healthcare and identify where further work is required. Current efforts to characterise microbiomes from LMICs will aid in targeting and optimisation of therapeutics and preventative strategies specifically suited to the unmet needs within these populations. Once achieved, opportunities from disease treatment and improved treatment efficacy through to disease prevention and vector control can be effectively addressed using probiotics and live biotherapeutics. Together these strategies have the potential to increase individual health, overcome logistical challenges and reduce overall medical, individual, societal and economic costs.
近年来，基于微生物组的疗法在医疗保健领域取得了重大进展，应用领域不断扩大。然而，这些进展主要针对高收入国家（HIC）常见的疾病。在中低收入国家（LMIC），基于微生物组的疗法的机会包括性健康流行、孕产妇健康、婴儿早期死亡率、营养不良、疫苗反应和传染病。在这篇综述中，我们详细介绍了在这些医疗保健领域中基于微生物组的疗法所取得的进展，并确定了需要进一步研究的领域。目前对来自 LMIC 的微生物组进行特征描述的努力将有助于针对特定人群的未满足需求，对治疗和预防策略进行靶向和优化。一旦实现，通过使用益生菌和活体生物疗法，可以有效地解决从疾病治疗和提高治疗效果到疾病预防和病媒控制的机会。这些策略共同具有提高个人健康水平、克服后勤挑战以及降低整体医疗、个人、社会和经济成本的潜力。
