S D Vignesh, T M Vijayakumar, Siddhu N Sai Supra
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Ramasamy Memorial (SRM) College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kanchipuram, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 4;16(10):e70846. doi: 10.7759/cureus.70846. eCollection 2024 Oct.
and are types of microbiota that live in the gastrointestinal (GI) system, or gut microbiota, and are essential for both human well-being and disease. This review looks at the relationship between the composition of gut microbiota and function and two important lifestyle factors - dietary intake and sleep disorders. The diversity of the gut microbiota and metabolic processes is strongly influenced by food intake. Fiber-rich diets encourage the development of good bacteria that synthesize short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), while diets heavy in fat or sugar can negatively impact the microbial balance. Microbial communities are also impacted by regular meal schedules and probiotic and prebiotic use. Sleep disturbances cause stress reactions that alter gut microbiota and upset circadian rhythms. These include irregular sleep cycles and insomnia. These effects are driven by the immune system and gut-brain axis dysregulation, which affects microbial diversity and plays a role in GI and metabolic illnesses. The significance of comprehensive lifestyle treatments to improve gut health is highlighted by an understanding of these interconnections. It may be possible to modify the composition of gut microbiota and improve general health outcomes through the use of strategies that emphasize balanced meals, consistent eating schedules, and better sleep hygiene.
和是生活在胃肠道（GI）系统中的微生物群类型，即肠道微生物群，对人类健康和疾病都至关重要。本综述探讨了肠道微生物群的组成与功能之间的关系，以及两个重要的生活方式因素——饮食摄入和睡眠障碍。食物摄入对肠道微生物群的多样性和代谢过程有很大影响。富含纤维的饮食促进合成短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的有益细菌的生长，而高脂肪或高糖饮食会对微生物平衡产生负面影响。微生物群落也会受到规律用餐时间以及益生菌和益生元使用的影响。睡眠障碍会引发应激反应，改变肠道微生物群并打乱昼夜节律。这些包括不规律的睡眠周期和失眠。这些影响是由免疫系统和肠脑轴失调驱动的，这会影响微生物多样性，并在胃肠道和代谢疾病中起作用。对这些相互联系的理解凸显了综合生活方式治疗对改善肠道健康的重要性。通过采用强调均衡饮食、一致用餐时间和更好睡眠卫生的策略，有可能改变肠道微生物群的组成并改善总体健康状况。
