Ferreira Helena, Duarte Daniela, Rodrigues João A, Vasconcelos Marta W, Pinto Elisabete, Gil Ana M
CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto 4200-072, Portugal.
Department of Chemistry and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
ACS Omega. 2024 Oct 20;9(43):43453-43468. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04795. eCollection 2024 Oct 29.
Given the general increase in legume consumption worldwide, there is a need to characterize the resulting human metabolic adaptations in order to demonstrate potential legume diet/health relationships. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics urine study was carried out on a small cohort ( = 18) to characterize the excretory effects of a pilot longitudinal 8-week legume-based dietary intervention. Despite the expected high interindividual variability in the excreted metabolome, the results suggested a nonlinear metabolic response, with higher metabolic activity in the first 4 weeks and a tendency toward baseline at the end of the intervention. The excretion of isoleucine, leucine, and threonine increased, along with metabolite changes suggestive of activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (through anaplerosis), ketogenesis, fat catabolism, and glycoprotein biosynthesis. Gut microbiota adaptations were also suggested based on the increased excretion of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, allantoin, and hippurate. Increased levels of trigonelline were consistent with its role as a legume intake marker, whereas malonate and pseudouridine were suggested as possible additional markers. Correlation of NMR data with nutritional parameters aided putative explanatory hypotheses to be advanced. Our results suggest a dynamic response to legume consumption, mainly through increased amino acid excretion and altered energy metabolism, while advancing potential new markers of legume intake. These results require confirmation in larger cohorts but pave the way for an informed interpretation of the effects of legume-based diets on human health.
鉴于全球范围内豆类消费普遍增加，有必要对由此产生的人体代谢适应性进行表征，以证明豆类饮食与健康之间的潜在关系。对一个小队列（n = 18）进行了一项核磁共振（NMR）代谢组学尿液研究，以表征为期8周的豆类饮食纵向干预试验的排泄效应。尽管排泄代谢组中个体间差异预期较大，但结果表明存在非线性代谢反应，干预前4周代谢活性较高，干预结束时趋于基线水平。异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和苏氨酸的排泄增加，同时代谢物变化提示三羧酸循环（通过回补反应）、生酮作用、脂肪分解和糖蛋白生物合成被激活。基于2-羟基异丁酸、尿囊素和马尿酸盐排泄增加，也提示了肠道微生物群的适应性变化。胡芦巴碱水平升高与其作为豆类摄入量标志物的作用一致，而丙二酸和假尿苷被认为可能是额外的标志物。NMR数据与营养参数的相关性有助于提出推测性的解释假说。我们的结果表明，对豆类消费存在动态反应，主要通过增加氨基酸排泄和改变能量代谢，同时提出了豆类摄入量的潜在新标志物。这些结果需要在更大的队列中得到证实，但为深入理解豆类饮食对人类健康的影响铺平了道路。
