Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 4;14(1):26632. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76934-5.
Contending with discrimination can yield a cascade of negative psychological and physiological outcomes which adversely affect health. How individuals manage their emotions in response to discrimination can influence the extent of these negative health outcomes. Research finds, however, that Black and Latine individuals are more likely to use expressive suppression (vs. cognitive reappraisal) in response to discrimination, which is associated with adverse mental health outcomes. In the present research, we explored whether self-control (the ability to manage impulses and regulate thoughts, emotions, and behavior to achieve long-term goals) and impression management emotion-regulation goals (regulating emotions to shape others' perceptions of one's personality and skills) could help explain the differential use of suppression and reappraisal in response to discrimination. Across two cross-sectional studies, we found that Black and Latine participants' everyday discrimination experiences were related to lower self-control and increased impression management emotion-regulation goals. Reduced self-control was, in turn, linked to less use of reappraisal, while impression management emotion-regulation goals were associated with both greater reappraisal and suppression use in response to discrimination. Reappraisal was also related to participants' self-reported depressive symptoms. These findings contribute to our understanding of the factors that are associated with emotion regulation in response to discrimination.
应对歧视可能会产生一系列负面的心理和生理后果，从而对健康产生不利影响。个体如何管理自己的情绪以应对歧视，会影响这些负面健康结果的程度。然而，研究发现，黑人和拉丁裔个体更倾向于在面对歧视时使用表达抑制（与认知重评相反），这与不良的心理健康结果有关。在本研究中，我们探讨了自我控制（管理冲动、调节思想、情绪和行为以实现长期目标的能力）和印象管理情绪调节目标（调节情绪以塑造他人对一个人人格和技能的看法）是否可以帮助解释在应对歧视时抑制和重评的不同使用。通过两项横断面研究，我们发现，黑人和拉丁裔参与者的日常歧视经历与较低的自我控制能力和更高的印象管理情绪调节目标有关。自我控制能力的降低反过来又与较少使用重评有关，而印象管理情绪调节目标与歧视时的重评和抑制使用都有关。重评也与参与者的自我报告的抑郁症状有关。这些发现有助于我们理解与歧视反应中的情绪调节相关的因素。
