Taati Majid, Raisi Abbas, Golmirzaei Maral, Rashnoei Negin
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Vet Anim Sci. 2024 Oct 11;26:100400. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100400. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Anesthesia in animals is a crucial requirement for conducting surgery, diagnostic imaging, and other procedures when the animal cannot be safely managed in a conscious state. The present study aimed to compare the impact of different anesthetic techniques on the electrocardiogram of hedgehogs. The animals were given three different anesthetic combinations: ketamine + xylazine, ketamine + diazepam, and ketamine + midazolam. The study measured the heart rate, duration, and amplitude of the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave through bipolar II derivations. Normal sinus rhythm was observed following induction by all anaesthetic combinations; however, the combination of ketamine and xylazine resulted in a significant decrease in heart rate. The P wave was positive with different combinations of anesthetics. The mean amplitude of the P wave in hedgehogs anesthetized using ketamine+xylazine was significantly lower than when using ketamine+diazepam and ketamine+midazolam. The QRS polarity was positive in leads I, II, and aVF after anesthesia induced by all combinations. The duration and amplitude of the QRS complexes did not differ significantly between all combinations. Hedgehogs anesthetized with ketamine+midazolam revealed the highest amplitude of the QRS (0.23 mv), while in the ketamine+diazepam anesthetized group, lowest amplitude (0.18 mv) was observed. The T wave was positive in all leads except leads III and aVR. Animals anesthetized with ketamine + xylazine had the lowest amplitude (0.117 mv) and the longest duration (0.08 s) of the T waves. The findings suggest that ketamine+midazolam is the choice combination based on ECG evaluation in hedgehogs.
对于无法在清醒状态下安全进行手术、诊断成像及其他操作的动物而言，麻醉是至关重要的。本研究旨在比较不同麻醉技术对刺猬心电图的影响。给动物使用三种不同的麻醉组合：氯胺酮+赛拉嗪、氯胺酮+地西泮以及氯胺酮+咪达唑仑。该研究通过双极II导联测量P波、QRS波群和T波的心率、时长及振幅。所有麻醉组合诱导后均观察到正常窦性心律；然而，氯胺酮和赛拉嗪的组合导致心率显著下降。不同麻醉剂组合下P波均为正向。使用氯胺酮+赛拉嗪麻醉的刺猬，其P波平均振幅显著低于使用氯胺酮+地西泮和氯胺酮+咪达唑仑时。所有组合诱导麻醉后，I、II和aVF导联的QRS极性均为正向。所有组合之间QRS波群的时长和振幅无显著差异。用氯胺酮+咪达唑仑麻醉的刺猬QRS波群振幅最高（0.23毫伏），而在氯胺酮+地西泮麻醉组中，观察到的振幅最低（0.18毫伏）。除III导联和aVR导联外，所有导联的T波均为正向。用氯胺酮+赛拉嗪麻醉的动物T波振幅最低（0.117毫伏）且时长最长（0.08秒）。研究结果表明，基于对刺猬心电图的评估，氯胺酮+咪达唑仑是首选组合。
