Nazir Usman, Fu Zhenming, Zheng Xucheng, Zafar Muhamamd Hammad, Yang Zhi, Wang Zhiyue, Yang Haiming
Yangzhou University, College of Animal Science and Technology, 225009 Yangzhou, China.
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104479. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104479. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
The growing phase of laying hens is crucial for growth and development due to its direct impact on their productivity during laying phase. During initial growth phase, intestinal tract undergoes rapid development which requires plenty of nutrients to help laying hens grow and mature. This study investigated the effect of Alanyl-Glutamine (Aln-Gln) levels on growth performance, ileal morphology and transcriptomic analysis of growing Hy-line brown hens. A total of 480 day old Hy-line brown chicks having similar body weight (BW) were randomly divided to be fed diets having 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% Aln-Gln for 6-wks (8 replicates/group, 15 birds/replicate). One bird from every pen was slaughtered and morphological parameters of ileum were evaluated. Results taken on day 42 revealed an improved average daily gain (ADG), final body weight (FBW) and feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) in the birds that consumed 0.2% and 0.3% Aln-Gln supplemented diet (P < 0.05). Ileal morphological assays showed that villus height, villus width and villus to crypts ratio (V/C) were significantly increased at 42 days of age in birds fed diets with 0.2% Aln-Gln (P<0.05). The RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was executed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among groups that found 2265 DEGs (1256 up-regulated; 1009 down-regulated) in ileum tissue. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes (KEGG) and Genomic Pathway Enrichment Analysis, majority of DEGs indicated change in metabolic pathways. Genes related to growth factors, intestinal morphology and protein metabolism were up-regulated in test groups as compared to control group. In conclusion, addition of Aln-Gln to the diet improved growth performance and ileum development in growing hens; transcriptomic analysis revealed up-regulation of genes related to growth and intestinal morphology.
蛋鸡的生长阶段对其生长发育至关重要，因为这直接影响它们产蛋期的生产力。在初始生长阶段，肠道会经历快速发育，这需要大量营养物质来帮助蛋鸡生长和成熟。本研究调查了丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺（Aln-Gln）水平对海兰褐生长蛋鸡生长性能、回肠形态及转录组分析的影响。将480只体重相似的1日龄海兰褐雏鸡随机分为四组，分别饲喂含0%、0.1%、0.2%和0.3% Aln-Gln的日粮，为期6周（每组8个重复，每个重复15只鸡）。从每个栏舍中选取一只鸡进行屠宰，并评估回肠的形态学参数。42日龄时的结果显示，采食添加0.2%和0.3% Aln-Gln日粮的鸡，平均日增重（ADG）、末体重（FBW）和料重比（F/G）均有所改善（P < 0.05）。回肠形态学检测表明，饲喂含0.2% Aln-Gln日粮的鸡在42日龄时，绒毛高度、绒毛宽度和绒毛与隐窝比值（V/C）均显著增加（P<0.05）。通过RNA测序（RNA-Seq）来鉴定各组间差异表达基因（DEG），结果在回肠组织中发现了2265个DEG（1256个上调；1009个下调）。根据京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）和基因组通路富集分析，大多数DEG表明代谢途径发生了变化。与对照组相比，试验组中与生长因子、肠道形态和蛋白质代谢相关的基因上调。总之，在日粮中添加Aln-Gln可改善生长蛋鸡的生长性能和回肠发育；转录组分析显示与生长和肠道形态相关的基因上调。
