Ye Zhishan, Nong Xueping, Wang Yanyun, Che Guanglu, Zhou Bin, Huang Jianhua, Zhang Lin
（ 610041） West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
（ 330006） Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Chest Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024 Sep 20;55(5):1254-1263. doi: 10.12182/20240960302.
To investigate the expression and clinical significance of circular RNA (circRNA) 051778 in lung adenocarcinoma-malignant pleural effusion (LA-MPE) and tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE).
This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 212 patients were recruited from the Jiangxi Chest Hospital between October 2018 and September 2019, and their pleural effusion samples and/or plasma samples were collected. The exosomal circRNA profile was sketched by circRNA microarray. Differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) were verified by droplet digital PCR. In addition, a putative circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to predict the functions of the DECs. The diagnostic value of circRNA_051778 was evaluated by binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve.
The expression level of circRNA_051778 in the LA-MPE samples was (3.92±0.48) copies/100 ng cDNA, while that in the TPE samples was (21.53±2.22) copies/100 ng cDNA. Compared to that in the TPE samples, circRNA_051778 was significantly downregulated in the LA-MPE samples (<0.001). The potential targets of circRNA_051778 were enriched in positive regulation of GTPase activity, cytoplasm, protein binding, and cancer-related pathways. The area under the curve (AUC) for the combined assessment of circRNA_051778 with liquid-based thin-layer cytology (TCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and tuberculosis antibody (TBA) was 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-1.00), with the sensitivity being 88.0% and the specificity being 100.0%.
Exosomal circRNA_051778 is downregulated in LA-MPE. According to the findings from the GO and KEGG analyses, exosomal circRNA_051778 may play a role in cancer development and has the potential to serve as a marker for differential diagnostic of LA-MPE and TPE when it is used in combination with TCT, ESR, and TBA.
探讨环状RNA（circRNA）051778在肺腺癌-恶性胸腔积液（LA-MPE）和结核性胸腔积液（TPE）中的表达及临床意义。
本研究为横断面研究。2018年10月至2019年9月期间，从江西省胸科医院招募了212例患者，并收集了他们的胸腔积液样本和/或血浆样本。通过circRNA芯片描绘外泌体circRNA图谱。通过液滴数字PCR验证差异表达的circRNA（DECs）。此外，构建了一个假定的circRNA-miRNA-mRNA网络，并进行基因本体（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路分析，以预测DECs的功能。通过二元逻辑回归和受试者工作特征曲线评估circRNA_051778的诊断价值。
circRNA_051778在LA-MPE样本中的表达水平为（3.92±0.48）拷贝/100 ng cDNA，而在TPE样本中的表达水平为（21.53±2.22）拷贝/100 ng cDNA。与TPE样本相比，circRNA_051778在LA-MPE样本中显著下调（<0.001）。circRNA_051778的潜在靶标在GTP酶活性的正调控、细胞质、蛋白质结合和癌症相关通路中富集。circRNA_051778与液基薄层细胞学检查（TCT）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）和结核抗体（TBA）联合评估的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.98（95%置信区间：0.97-1.00），灵敏度为88.0%，特异性为100.0%。
外泌体circRNA_051778在LA-MPE中表达下调。根据GO和KEGG分析结果，外泌体circRNA_051778可能在癌症发展中起作用，并且当与TCT、ESR和TBA联合使用时，有潜力作为LA-MPE和TPE鉴别诊断的标志物。
