Wang Liwei, He Peijin, Hui Mengmeng, Li Hainan, Sun Anni, Yin Hong, Gao Xining
College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
Liaoning Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Disasters, Shenyang, China.
Front Genet. 2024 Oct 24;15:1458656. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1458656. eCollection 2024.
Drought, a prevalent environmental stressor, has had significant consequences on soybean ( L.), notably impeding its growth and production. Therefore, it is crucial to gain insight into the regulatory responses of soybean plants exposed to drought stress during soybean flowering in the field. In this study, the cultivar 'Liaodou 15' was performed light drought (LD, 24.3% soil moisture content), moderate drought (MD, 20.6% soil moisture content) and severe drought (SD, 16.9% soil moisture content) treatments at flowering stages of soybean and then rehydrated (30% soil moisture content) until harvest. The yield-related indicators were measured and revealed that MD and SD treatments significantly reduced 6.3% and 10.8% of the 100-grain weight. Soybean plants subjected to three drought stresses showed that net photosynthetic rates were 20.8%, 51.5% and 71.8% lower in LD, MD and SD than that of CK. The WUE increased by 31.8%, 31.5% and 18.8% under three drought stress treatments compared to CK. In addition, proline content was 25.94%, 41.01% and 65.43% greater than that of CK under three drought stress treatments. The trend of the MDA content was consistent with that of the proline content. SOD activity was significantly increasing by 10.86%, 46.73% and 14.54% under three drought stress treatments. The activity of CAT in the SD treatment increased by 49.28%. All the indices recovered after rehydration. Furthermore, 54,78 and 51 different expressed metabolomics (DEMs) were identified in the LDCK/LD, MDCK/MD and SDCK/SD groups, respectively. There were 1,211, 1,265 and 1,288 different expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated and 1,003, 1,819 and 1,747 DEGs were downregulated. Finally, combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis suggested that 437 DEGs and 24 DEMs of LDCK/LD group, 741 DEGs and 35 DEMs of MDCK/MD group, 633 DEGs and 23 DEMs of SDCK/SD group, were highly positively correlated in soybean plants under drought stress. Drought stress induced the expression of the and genes to promote the accumulation of spermidine and proline. Our study elucidates the responses of drought-stressed soybean plants in the field and provides a genetic basis for the breeding of drought-tolerant soybean plants.
干旱是一种普遍存在的环境胁迫因素，对大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.）产生了重大影响，尤其阻碍了其生长和产量。因此，深入了解田间大豆开花期遭受干旱胁迫时植株的调控反应至关重要。在本研究中，对品种‘辽豆15’在大豆开花期进行轻度干旱（LD，土壤含水量24.3%）、中度干旱（MD，土壤含水量20.6%）和重度干旱（SD，土壤含水量16.9%）处理，然后复水（土壤含水量30%）直至收获。测定了产量相关指标，结果表明MD和SD处理使百粒重分别显著降低了6.3%和10.8%。遭受三种干旱胁迫的大豆植株，其净光合速率在LD、MD和SD条件下分别比对照低20.8%、51.5%和71.8%。与对照相比，三种干旱胁迫处理下水分利用效率分别提高了31.8%、31.5%和18.8%。此外，三种干旱胁迫处理下脯氨酸含量分别比对照高25.94%、41.01%和65.43%。丙二醛含量的变化趋势与脯氨酸含量一致。三种干旱胁迫处理下超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性分别显著提高了10.86%、46.73%和14.54%。SD处理下过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性提高了49.28%。复水后所有指标均恢复。此外，在LDCK/LD、MDCK/MD和SDCK/SD组中分别鉴定出54、78和51个差异表达代谢物（DEM）。上调的差异表达基因（DEG）分别有1211、1265和1288个，下调的DEG分别有1003、1819和1747个。最后，转录组和代谢组联合分析表明，干旱胁迫下大豆植株中，LDCK/LD组有437个DEG和24个DEM、MDCK/MD组有741个DEG和35个DEM、SDCK/SD组有633个DEG和23个DEM高度正相关。干旱胁迫诱导了相关基因的表达，促进了亚精胺和脯氨酸的积累。我们的研究阐明了田间干旱胁迫下大豆植株的反应，为耐旱大豆品种的选育提供了遗传基础。
