Center for Scientific Research and Technology of Extremadura (CICYTEX), Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture (INTAEX), Government of Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Extremadura, E-06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Food Chem. 2025 Feb 1;464(Pt 3):141811. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141811. Epub 2024 Oct 28.
Xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoids with important antioxidant capacities and relevant roles against the prevention of eye diseases. In this study a valorization of non-commercial spinach to obtain lutein and zeaxanthin as raw materials to develop nutraceuticals was carried out. Three oil matrixes were analyzed: extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), lutein and zeaxanthin enriched EVOO (EVOO+LZ), and EVOO enriched with 25 % of EVOO+LZ (namely EVOO+D) to evaluate their biological potential as antioxidants. Urinary antioxidant total capacity, and circulatory blood levels of lutein and zeaxanthin were determined (in vivo analysis). Also, a simulation of gastrointestinal simulation (in vitro analysis) was performed. The results showed an increase in the circulatory levels of lutein-zeaxanthin after the ingestion of EVOO+LZ during 45 and 60 days, and an increase in the urinary antioxidant levels after the intake of EVOO+LZ and EVOO+D. In vitro assay revealed that both xanthophylls showed bioavailability to be assimilated in the intestinal tract. Therefore, these EVOO enriched with lutein-zeaxanthin might be considered as powerful antioxidant tools with potential properties in the management/prevention of eye diseases.
叶黄素和玉米黄质是具有重要抗氧化能力的类胡萝卜素，对预防眼部疾病有相关作用。本研究旨在利用非商业菠菜来获取叶黄素和玉米黄质作为原料，开发营养保健品。分析了三种油基质：特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）、富含叶黄素和玉米黄质的特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO+LZ）和添加 25%EVOO+LZ 的特级初榨橄榄油（即 EVOO+D），以评估它们作为抗氧化剂的生物潜力。测定了尿中抗氧化总能力和循环血液中叶黄素和玉米黄质的水平（体内分析）。此外，还进行了胃肠道模拟（体外分析）。结果表明，在摄入 EVOO+LZ 45 和 60 天后，循环中叶黄素-玉米黄质水平增加，摄入 EVOO+LZ 和 EVOO+D 后尿中抗氧化水平增加。体外试验表明，两种类胡萝卜素均具有生物利用度，可在肠道内被吸收。因此，这些富含叶黄素和玉米黄质的特级初榨橄榄油可以被认为是具有潜在眼部疾病管理/预防作用的强大抗氧化工具。
