Preece Jamie, Sullivan Emma, Tams-Gray Fin, Pullin Graham
Barnsley Assistive Technology Team, Barnsley, UK.
Unaffiliated, Barnsley, UK.
Med Humanit. 2025 Jan 2;50(4):624-634. doi: 10.1136/medhum-2024-013021.
This article explores disabled experience and the future of technologies relating to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This field includes people's use of AAC devices, typically in combination with other modes of communication, including vocalising, revoicing and body language. Such devices have speech technology and digital voices built into them and we will consider who could be said to have ownership of these technologies. We will also explore the role that people who use AAC have in making their AAC-and how this also contributes to shaping its future. The meanings of 'voice', 'making' and 'ownership' in the context of AAC are many. Yet too often the relationship between these is presented as if it is singular and straightforward. This paper will start by considering the most prevalent, obvious interpretations and build alternative and more complex directions from there. One of the authors uses AAC and is constantly personalising his software, editing and remaking it to reflect his needs and current thinking, representing his voice in ways that he feels ownership of; another is a life partner and can also be thought of as being part of his AAC. Two authors are researchers in an art school, where the act of making things in studios and workshops is inseparable from creative authorship and ownership. Together, all four authors are exploring the meaning and making of speech technology, experimenting with and appropriating it in ways not anticipated by its developers. This paper is a hybrid of voices: disabled and non-disabled; academic and non-academic coresearchers; designers and codesigners. Its unconventional format is intended to reflect the unconventional relationship between the researchers and to represent the conversation between these different voices.
本文探讨了与辅助和替代沟通(AAC)相关的残障体验及技术的未来发展。该领域涵盖了人们对AAC设备的使用,通常是与其他沟通方式结合使用,包括发声、重复发声和肢体语言。这类设备内置了语音技术和数字语音,我们将思考谁可以被认为拥有这些技术。我们还将探讨使用AAC的人在塑造其AAC方面所发挥的作用,以及这如何也有助于塑造其未来。在AAC语境下,“声音”“塑造”和“所有权”的含义多种多样。然而,这些概念之间的关系常常被呈现得单一而直接。本文将首先考虑最普遍、最明显的解释,并在此基础上构建其他更复杂的方向。其中一位作者使用AAC,并不断对其软件进行个性化设置,编辑和重新制作以反映他的需求和当前想法,以他认为拥有所有权的方式展现自己的声音;另一位是其生活伴侣,也可被视为其AAC的一部分。两位作者是艺术学校的研究人员,在艺术学校里,在工作室和工作坊中制作东西的行为与创造性的作者身份和所有权密不可分。四位作者共同探索语音技术的意义和制作过程,以开发者未曾预料到的方式对其进行试验和运用。本文是多种声音的混合:残障和非残障人士;学术和非学术的共同研究者;设计师和共同设计者。其非传统的形式旨在反映研究者之间非传统的关系,并呈现这些不同声音之间的对话。