University Limoges, EpiMaCT-Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France.
Inserm, U1094, EpiMaCT-Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Limoges, France.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 14;19(11):e0310408. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310408. eCollection 2024.
Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are highly prevalent in SubSaharan African communities. In these countries the burden of CVRF during early pregnancy has been poorly documented.
The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of CVRF in pregnant women before the 20th week of gestation in Benin.
Consecutive pregnant women with a gestational age < 20th week were included in 30 maternity clinics in Benin. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine characteristics associated with CVRF.
1244 pregnant women were included (680 (54.7%) in urban areas and 584 (45.3%) in rural areas). The median age was 26 years. The frequencies of high blood pressure (HBP), obesity and diabetes were 18.9%, 15.0% and 3.1% respectively. Very few women (25.3%) were aware of the HBP disorder. HBP was associated with an age ≥ 35 years (OR = 1.7, 95%CI:1.1-2.7), a rural setting (OR = 2.6; 95%CI:1.9-3.5), an insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables (OR = 3.2; 95%CI:2.0-5.3) and a history of at least 2 fetal losses (OR = 1.9; 95% CI [1.4-2.7]). The risk of being overweight was associated with an age >24 years old (OR = 1.6; 95%CI:1.1-2.2) conversely a rural setting was protective (OR = 0.7; 95%CI:0.5-0.9). Obesity was associated with an age > 35 years old (OR = 4.1; 95%CI:2.5-6.8) and a rural setting (OR = 0.3; 95%CI: 0.2-0.5).
The frequency of CVRF in women before 20th week of gestation was high. Most of the women were unaware of the disorder. Thus the screening of CVRF among women of reproductive age might be relevant.
可改变的心血管危险因素（CVRF）在撒哈拉以南非洲社区中非常普遍。在这些国家，妊娠早期 CVRF 的负担记录不佳。
本研究的目的是描述贝宁妊娠 20 周前孕妇的 CVRF 频率。
在贝宁的 30 家产科诊所中，连续纳入妊娠 20 周以下的孕妇。使用单变量和多变量分析来确定与 CVRF 相关的特征。
共纳入 1244 名孕妇（680 名[54.7%]来自城市地区，584 名[45.3%]来自农村地区）。中位年龄为 26 岁。高血压（HBP）、肥胖和糖尿病的发生率分别为 18.9%、15.0%和 3.1%。很少有女性（25.3%）知道 HBP 障碍。HBP 与年龄≥35 岁（OR=1.7，95%CI：1.1-2.7）、农村环境（OR=2.6；95%CI：1.9-3.5）、水果和蔬菜摄入不足（OR=3.2；95%CI：2.0-5.3）和至少 2 次胎儿丢失史（OR=1.9；95%CI[1.4-2.7]）相关。超重的风险与年龄>24 岁相关（OR=1.6；95%CI：1.1-2.2），相反，农村环境具有保护作用（OR=0.7；95%CI：0.5-0.9）。肥胖与年龄>35 岁（OR=4.1；95%CI：2.5-6.8）和农村环境（OR=0.3；95%CI：0.2-0.5）相关。
妊娠 20 周前孕妇的 CVRF 发生率较高。大多数女性不知道这种疾病。因此，对育龄妇女进行 CVRF 筛查可能是相关的。
