Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 14;14(1):27981. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79526-5.
In the life cycle of the oriental fruit fly where larvae reside within fruits and adults exhibit high activity, the pupal stage occurs in the soil, closely tied to agricultural soil management. This study investigates the impact of four variables (body orientation, burial depth, soil particle size, and pH) on Bactrocera dorsalis' physiological preferences, eclosion rates, and pupal stage duration. Notably, body orientation, burial depth, soil texture (particle size), and pH affect eclosion rates. The fruit fly demonstrates a preference for a supine position during eclosion, with average eclosion rates of 97.33%, contrasting with decreases to 78.00% in a head-down position. Soil with mixed particle sizes is detrimental to pupal eclosion, reducing the eclosion rate to 56.67%. And at a pH of 9.98, eclosion rates decrease to 16.67%. These factors significantly influence eclosion rates However, these factors do not significantly alter the duration of the pupal stage, with mean changes not exceeding one day when experimental conditions are modified. These findings suggests that soil manipulations affecting these variables could reduce eclosion rates without compromising the uniformity of adult emergence. This study provides a foundation for environmentally friendly pest control practices and addresses gaps in the pupal stage research of the oriental fruit fly.
在东方果实蝇的生命周期中，幼虫生活在果实中，成虫活动活跃，蛹期则发生在土壤中，与农业土壤管理密切相关。本研究调查了四个变量（身体方向、埋葬深度、土壤颗粒大小和 pH 值）对黑腹果蝇生理偏好、羽化率和蛹期持续时间的影响。值得注意的是，身体方向、埋葬深度、土壤质地（颗粒大小）和 pH 值会影响羽化率。在羽化过程中，果蝇表现出仰卧的偏好，平均羽化率为 97.33%，而头朝下的羽化率则下降到 78.00%。混合颗粒大小的土壤不利于蛹的羽化，使羽化率降低到 56.67%。在 pH 值为 9.98 时，羽化率下降到 16.67%。这些因素显著影响羽化率，但这些因素对蛹期持续时间没有显著影响，当实验条件改变时，平均变化不超过一天。这些发现表明，影响这些变量的土壤处理可以降低羽化率，而不会影响成虫出现的均匀性。本研究为环保型害虫防治实践提供了基础，并解决了东方果实蝇蛹期研究的空白。
