研究全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）血浆浓度的差异：饮用水污染、食物获取、靠近工业设施和超级基金场地的影响。
Examining disparities in PFAS plasma concentrations: Impact of drinking water contamination, food access, proximity to industrial facilities and superfund sites.
作者信息
Li Shiwen, Goodrich Jesse A, Costello Elizabeth, Walker Douglas I, Cardenas-Iniguez Carlos, Chen Jiawen Carmen, Alderete Tanya L, Valvi Damaskini, Rock Sarah, Eckel Sandrah P, McConnell Rob, Gilliland Frank D, Wilson John, MacDonald Beau, Conti David V, Smith Adam L, McCurry Daniel L, Childress Amy E, Simpson Adam M-A, Golden-Mason Lucy, Maretti-Mira Ana C, Chen Zhanghua, Goran Michael I, Aung Max, Chatzi Lida
机构信息
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2025 Jan 1;264(Pt 1):120370. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120370. Epub 2024 Nov 14.
BACKGROUND
Most of the US population is exposed to per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) through various environmental media and these sources of PFAS exposure coupled with disproportionate co-localization of PFAS-polluting facilities in under-resourced communities may exacerbate disparities in PFAS-associated health risks.
METHOD
We leveraged two cohorts in Southern California with 8 PFAS concentrations measured in plasma. We obtained PFAS water testing data from the Third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule and state monitoring data, census tract-level information on food access using the Food Access Research Atlas, the location of Superfund sites on the National Priorities List, and data on facilities known to release PFAS pollutants. These data were then spatially linked to the participants' home addresses.
RESULTS
In the first cohort, we found that detections of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS in drinking water were associated with 1.54 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.77, 2.32), 0.47 ng/mL (0.25, 0.68), and 1.16 ng/mL (0.62, 1.71) increase in plasma PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS. The presence of Superfund sites was associated with higher plasma concentrations of PFOS, PFHxS, PFPeS, and PFHpS (betas [95% CIs]: 0.96 [0.21, 1.71], 0.9 [0.22, 1.58], 0.04 [0.02, 0.06] and 0.05 [0.02, 0.09], respectively). Each additional PFAS-polluting facility present in the neighborhood was associated with a 0.9 ng/mL (0.03, 0.15) increase in the concentration of PFOS. In the other cohort, we found that the presence of Superfund sites was associated with higher plasma PFDA, PFHpS, PFOS (betas [95% CIs]: 0.03 [0.01, 0.06], 0.05 [0.01, 0.09], and 1.96 [0.31, 3.62]). Neighborhood low access to food was associated with a 2.51 ng/mL (0.7, 4.31) increase in plasma PFOS, 0.6 ng/mL (0.16, 1.06) increase in plasma PFOA and 0.06 (0.02, 0.1) increase in plasma PFHpS.
CONCLUSION
Reducing sources of PFAS exposure in under-resourced neighborhoods may help reduce disparities in human exposure levels.
背景
大多数美国人通过各种环境介质接触全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS），这些PFAS暴露源，再加上资源匮乏社区中PFAS污染设施不成比例的共同定位，可能会加剧PFAS相关健康风险的差异。
方法
我们利用了南加州的两个队列，测量了血浆中的8种PFAS浓度。我们从第三次未受监管污染物监测规则中获得了PFAS水质检测数据、州监测数据、使用食品获取研究地图集获取的人口普查区层面的食品获取信息、国家优先清单上的超级基金场地位置，以及已知释放PFAS污染物的设施数据。然后将这些数据在空间上与参与者的家庭住址相关联。
结果
在第一个队列中，我们发现饮用水中全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）的检测与血浆中PFOS、PFOA和PFHxS浓度分别增加1.54纳克/毫升（95%置信区间：0.77，2.32）、0.47纳克/毫升（0.25，0.68）和1.16纳克/毫升（0.62，1.71）相关。超级基金场地的存在与血浆中PFOS、PFHxS、全氟戊磺酸（PFPeS）和全氟庚烷磺酸（PFHpS）的较高浓度相关（β值[95%置信区间]：分别为0.96[0.21，1.71]、0.9[0.22，1.58]、0.04[0.02，0.06]和0.05[0.02，0.09]）。邻里中每增加一个PFAS污染设施，与PFOS浓度增加0.9纳克/毫升（0.03，0.15）相关。在另一个队列中，我们发现超级基金场地的存在与血浆中全氟癸酸（PFDA）、PFHpS、PFOS的较高浓度相关（β值[95%置信区间]：0.03[0.01，0.06]、0.05[0.01，0.09]和1.96[0.31，3.62]）。邻里食品获取不便与血浆中PFOS浓度增加2.51纳克/毫升（0.7，4.31）、血浆中PFOA浓度增加0.6纳克/毫升（0.16，1.06）和血浆中PFHpS浓度增加0.06（0.02，0.1）相关。
结论
减少资源匮乏社区的PFAS暴露源可能有助于减少人类暴露水平的差异。
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