Li Shiwen, Costello Elizabeth, Manea Tomas K D, Galindo Tamar, Walker Douglas I, Goodrich Jesse A, Alderete Tanya L, Goran Michael I, Valvi Damaskini, Baumert Brittney O, Rock Sarah, Smith Adam L, Childress Amy E, Eckel Sandrah P, Conti David V, Chen Zhanghua, Gilliland Frank D, McConnell Rob, Chatzi Lida, Aung Max
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2025 Jul 1;59(25):12520-12532. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5c00522. Epub 2025 Jun 16.
Chrome plating facilities release toxic chemicals, including perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), disproportionately affecting nearby neighborhoods. We analyzed census-tract-level demographic and socioeconomic data using the American Community Survey (2018-2022) alongside 2019 data on chrome plating facilities from the California State Water Board. Two cohorts were included: adolescents from the Study of Latino Adolescents at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (SOLAR; = 238; recruited between 2001 and 2012) and young adults from the Metabolic and Asthma Incidence Research study (Meta-AIR; = 118; 2014-2018). Plasma PFAS were measured via liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression assessed associations between neighborhood characteristics, numbers of chrome plating facilities, and PFAS concentrations in participants' plasma. Compared to areas without chrome plating facilities, neighborhoods with one (or more than one) facility had 11% (22%) more Hispanic residents, 6% (9%) more residents without a high school education, and 3% (3%) more individuals below the poverty line. In Meta-AIR, residents within 3 km of these facilities were correlated with elevated plasma PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA concentrations, and in SOLAR, with PFDA and PFHpS. Chrome plating facilities are concentrated in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods in California. Proximity to these facilities is linked to elevated blood PFAS levels.
镀铬设施会释放有毒化学物质，包括全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS），对附近社区造成的影响尤为严重。我们使用美国社区调查（2018 - 2022年）的普查区层面的人口和社会经济数据，以及加利福尼亚州水资源委员会提供的2019年镀铬设施数据进行了分析。研究纳入了两个队列：来自2型糖尿病风险拉丁裔青少年研究（SOLAR；n = 238；2001年至2012年招募）的青少年，以及来自代谢与哮喘发病率研究（Meta - AIR；n = 118；2014年至2018年）的年轻人。通过液相色谱 - 高分辨率质谱法测量血浆中的PFAS。多元线性回归评估了社区特征、镀铬设施数量与参与者血浆中PFAS浓度之间的关联。与没有镀铬设施的地区相比，有一个（或多个）设施的社区西班牙裔居民多11%（22%），没有高中学历的居民多6%（9%），生活在贫困线以下的个人多3%（3%）。在Meta - AIR研究中，这些设施3公里范围内的居民血浆中PFOS、PFHxS和PFOA浓度升高，而在SOLAR研究中，与PFDA和PFHpS浓度升高有关。镀铬设施集中在加利福尼亚州社会经济条件不利的社区。靠近这些设施与血液中PFAS水平升高有关。
