Liu Zhiguo, Wang Miao, Wang Yingqi, Yuan Min, Li Zhenjun
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Ulanqab Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jining City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
China CDC Wkly. 2024 Nov 1;6(44):1159-1170. doi: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.235.
Brucellosis poses a significant threat to public health in China. This study utilized a range of epidemiological indices, including seroprevalence and the number of reported cases, to illustrate the epidemic profile of the disease. Although the seroprevalence of brucellosis in animals (including sheep, goats, cattle, and swine) steadily decreased from a severe epidemic level in the 1950s to a low endemic level by 1989, the disease reemerged in 2000. Subsequently, there has been a persistent increase in the frequency of outbreaks and the number of reported cases from 2006 to 2021, with over 98% of reported cases occurring in sheep and cattle. During this period, the culling rate declined, while infection rates increased, nearly reversing their respective trajectories. The decrease in the culling rate of positive animals coincided with an increase in infection rates, indicating that infection among these animals was persistent and circulating. In the southern regions of China, 6.34% (34,070 of 537,797) of cases were reported between 2006 and 2021, whereas in the northern regions, 93.67% (503,727 of 537,797) of cases occurred during the same timeframe. Each time cases increased in the south, they lagged 2 to 5 years behind those in the north, suggesting that stringent control measures for sheep and cattle in the north should be prioritized. These findings provide critical insights into developing control strategies to mitigate the spread of the disease.
布鲁氏菌病对中国的公共卫生构成了重大威胁。本研究运用了一系列流行病学指标，包括血清阳性率和报告病例数，以阐明该疾病的流行概况。尽管动物（包括绵羊、山羊、牛和猪）中布鲁氏菌病的血清阳性率从20世纪50年代的严重流行水平稳步下降，到1989年降至低流行水平，但该疾病在2000年再次出现。随后，从2006年到2021年，疫情暴发频率和报告病例数持续增加，超过98%的报告病例发生在绵羊和牛身上。在此期间，扑杀率下降，而感染率上升，两者的趋势几乎逆转。阳性动物扑杀率的下降与感染率的上升同时出现，表明这些动物中的感染持续存在且不断传播。在中国南方地区，2006年至2021年期间报告了6.34%（537,797例中的34,070例）的病例，而在北方地区，同一时期发生了93.67%（537,797例中的503,727例）的病例。南方每次病例增加时，都比北方滞后2至5年，这表明应优先对北方的绵羊和牛采取严格的控制措施。这些发现为制定控制策略以减轻疾病传播提供了关键见解。
