Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
DVM Students, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Open Vet J. 2024 Sep;14(9):2310-2314. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.19. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
Ammonium chloride is the most common urine acidifier used for urolithiasis treatment and prevention in goats.
The objective of this study was to determine a guideline for ammonium chloride administration to acidify urine in goats.
A three-period, three-treatment crossover study was conducted in three groups, with 10 female goats in each group. Three dosages of ammonium chloride were used (250, 350, or 450 mg/kg). In each experimental period, ammonium chloride was orally administered for three consecutive days or until the urine pH dropped below 6.5. Urine samples were collected to measure the pH before each administration and 1 day after the last administration. The Cox proportional hazards model was conducted to identify factors associated with the success rate in reducing the urine pH below 6.5 at a time.
The dosage of ammonium chloride and period of administration were significantly associated with the success rate ( < 0.001). The success rates during a unit of time for goats receiving 350 mg/kg and 450 mg/kg were greater than that of goats receiving 250 mg/kg. The second and third periods of ammonium chloride administration provided higher success rates during a unit of time compared to the first period. The success rate was also associated with the pretreatment urine pH ( = 0.044). There was a higher success rate for goats with a lower pretreatment urine pH.
The recommended ammonium chloride dosage was 350 mg/kg. Periodic use can be considered to achieve better outcomes. The pretreatment urine pH should be measured to anticipate the clinical response.
氯化铵是最常用于治疗和预防山羊尿石症的尿液酸化剂。
本研究旨在为山羊的氯化铵酸化尿液治疗制定一个指南。
在三组中进行了三周期三处理交叉研究，每组有 10 只雌性山羊。使用了三种氯化铵剂量（250、350 或 450 mg/kg）。在每个实验期内，连续三天或直到尿液 pH 值降至 6.5 以下口服给予氯化铵。在每次给药前和最后一次给药后 1 天收集尿液样本以测量 pH 值。使用 Cox 比例风险模型来确定与在特定时间内成功将尿液 pH 值降低至 6.5 以下相关的因素。
氯化铵剂量和给药期与成功率显著相关（<0.001）。接受 350 mg/kg 和 450 mg/kg 氯化铵的山羊在单位时间内的成功率大于接受 250 mg/kg 氯化铵的山羊。氯化铵第二和第三期给药的单位时间内成功率高于第一期。成功率还与预处理尿液 pH 值相关（=0.044）。预处理尿液 pH 值较低的山羊的成功率更高。
推荐的氯化铵剂量为 350 mg/kg。定期使用可能会产生更好的效果。应测量预处理尿液 pH 值以预测临床反应。
