Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq.
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq.
Open Vet J. 2024 Sep;14(9):2325-2333. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.21. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
is an important opportunistic pathogen, which is capable of colonizing the respiratory system in both humans and animals causing mild to severe infections.
This study aims to isolate from the nasal discharges of human and sheep as well as identify the antibiotic resistance and molecular phylogeny of local isolates.
A total of 100; 50 humans and 50 sheep, positive nasal swab isolates were selected, and confirmed biochemically and by the VITEK-2 system. Molecular testing using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and phylogeny was conducted.
On MacConkey agar, isolates appeared as large, pinkish, and mucoid colonies; while microscopically, it appeared as Gram-negative rods. Traditional biochemical tests revealed that 62% and 78% of human and sheep isolates were positive isolates, whereas respectively, 54.84% and 71.8% of these isolates were positive by VITEK-2. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that the human isolates were sensitive to aztreonam, piperacillin-tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, and cefuroxime. Subsequently, sheep isolates were sensitive to cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin, cefoxitin, and tetracycline. Targeting gene, a total of 17 human and 28 sheep isolates were molecularly positive . Phylogenetic analysis of study human and sheep isolates showed their identity to NCBI Indian (LC747146.1) and Iraqi (LC711141.1) isolates, respectively. Comparative analysis between the local human and sheep isolates revealed a significant identity that ranged from 99.82% to 99.88% with a percentage of mutation ranging from 0.008% to 0.002%.
is a highly prevalent bacterium in both human and sheep with an observable resistance to antibiotics. Molecular phylogeny of study isolates demonstrated their close relation, suggesting the possible direct or indirect transmission of the bacterium from sheep to human or . Moreover, studies are greatly important to estimate the routes of bacterial transmission. Also, extensive hygiene practices could be lowered the spreading of to farm workers.
肺炎克雷伯菌是一种重要的机会性病原体，能够在人类和动物的呼吸系统中定植，引起轻度至重度感染。
本研究旨在从人类和绵羊的鼻腔分泌物中分离肺炎克雷伯菌，并鉴定当地分离株的抗生素耐药性和分子系统发育。
选择了 100 份阳性鼻腔拭子标本，其中 50 份来自人类，50 份来自绵羊。通过 VITEK-2 系统进行了生化和分子检测。
在麦康凯琼脂上，肺炎克雷伯菌分离株表现为大、粉红色、黏液状的菌落；而在显微镜下，它呈现为革兰氏阴性杆菌。传统的生化试验显示，62%和 78%的人类和绵羊分离株为阳性肺炎克雷伯菌分离株，而 VITEK-2 分别显示 54.84%和 71.8%的分离株为阳性。抗生素敏感性试验显示，人类分离株对氨曲南、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、环丙沙星和头孢呋辛敏感。随后，绵羊分离株对头孢呋辛、环丙沙星、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、氨苄西林、头孢西丁和四环素敏感。针对 16S rRNA 基因，共有 17 个人类和 28 个绵羊分离株分子上为阳性。对研究的人类和绵羊分离株的系统发育分析表明，它们与印度（LC747146.1）和伊拉克（LC711141.1）的 NCBI 分离株具有身份同一性。对本地人类和绵羊分离株的比较分析显示，它们之间的同一性非常高，范围在 99.82%至 99.88%之间，突变率在 0.008%至 0.002%之间。
肺炎克雷伯菌在人类和绵羊中均为高度流行的细菌，对抗生素有明显的耐药性。研究分离株的分子系统发育表明它们具有密切的关系，表明该细菌可能直接或间接从绵羊传播到人或环境中。此外，研究对于估计细菌传播的途径非常重要。此外，广泛的卫生实践可以降低细菌传播给农场工人的风险。
