van de Ven Sjors R B, Gevonden Martin J, Noordzij Matthijs L, de Geus Eco J C
Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Psychophysiology. 2025 Jan;62(1):e14721. doi: 10.1111/psyp.14721. Epub 2024 Nov 19.
Using heart rate (HR) measurements to detect mental stress in naturalistic settings is hampered by the physiological impact of hemodynamic and metabolic demands. Correcting HR for these demands can help isolate fluctuations in HR associated with psychosocial stress responses, a concept termed additional heart rate (aHR). This study examined whether adding predictors for posture, activity type, and lagged movement intensity for the prolonged impact of physical activity (PA) improved aHR estimation across various manipulations of mental stress, posture, and PA in a controlled laboratory environment (n = 197). Accelerometer signals were used to obtain the movement intensity and to classify posture and activity type. Posture, activity type, and lagged movement intensity each led to a significant improvement in HR estimation, as measured by adjusted R and root mean squared error. However, HR was overestimated during quiet sitting. The aHR, computed as the difference between observed and predicted HR, generally underestimated observed task-baseline reactivity but was sensitive to individual differences in reactivity to mental stressors. Between-subject correlations of aHR with task-baseline reactivity ranged from 0.62 to 0.93 across conditions. On a within-subject level, the ability of aHR to differentiate between exposure to physical stress and mental stress was limited (recall = 0.32, precision = 0.31), but better than that of observed HR (recall = 0.02, precision = 0.02). Future research should explore the potential of this novel aHR estimation method in differentiating physical and mental demands on HR in daily life, and its predictive value for health outcomes.
在自然环境中，利用心率（HR）测量来检测心理压力会受到血液动力学和代谢需求的生理影响的阻碍。针对这些需求对心率进行校正，有助于分离出与心理社会应激反应相关的心率波动，这一概念被称为额外心率（aHR）。本研究在可控的实验室环境中（n = 197），考察了添加姿势、活动类型以及身体活动（PA）的滞后运动强度的预测因子，是否能在对心理压力、姿势和PA进行各种操作的情况下改善aHR估计。加速度计信号用于获取运动强度，并对姿势和活动类型进行分类。通过调整后的R和均方根误差测量发现，姿势、活动类型和滞后运动强度均显著改善了心率估计。然而，安静坐着时心率被高估。作为观察到的心率与预测心率之差计算得出的aHR，通常低估了观察到的任务基线反应性，但对心理应激源反应性的个体差异敏感。在不同条件下，aHR与任务基线反应性的受试者间相关性在0.62至0.93之间。在受试者内部水平上，aHR区分身体应激和心理应激暴露的能力有限（召回率 = 0.32，精确率 = 0.31），但优于观察到的心率（召回率 = 0.02，精确率 = 0.02）。未来的研究应探索这种新颖的aHR估计方法在区分日常生活中心理和身体对心率的需求方面的潜力，以及其对健康结果的预测价值。
