Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2024 Nov 20;13(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s40249-024-01253-w.
The implementation of social innovations for addressing societal challenges, particularly in health, leverages community participation and technology to optimally meet social needs compared to traditional approaches. A key feature of these innovations is their ability to utilize existing capacities for contributing to resolving infectious disease outbreaks, which has attracted significant attention from health organizations. Given the potential of these innovations, this study has investigated social innovations in the prevention and control of infectious diseases as one of the major global challenges in the form of a comprehensive literature review.
This review study examined the relevant literature from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2022. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 50 documents were retained and fully examined. The documents were analyzed by applying a thematic analysis, and important content related to the application of social innovations for the prevention and control of pandemic infectious diseases was extracted using a data collection form.
Five major themes concerning social innovation in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases were discerned as follows: new products, novel processes and policies, empowerment, innovative practices and behaviors, and community engagement. New products include technological products for control and management of epidemics, preventive products, diagnostic and therapeutic products. Novel processes and policies are related to reorienting and reorganizing care methods, control and monitoring policies, participatory and creative strategies. Empowerment is focused on enhancing the capabilities of health workers, community leaders, and communities. Innovative practices and behaviors involve technology-based participation and support mechanisms. Community engagement is related to awareness, consultation, community mobilization, and participation in production and support.
During the outbreak of infectious diseases, governments are faced with many challenges, including health, economic and social challenges. To answer these challenges, tools should be used that have the ability to answer the problem from several aspects. Social innovation as an appropriate process in response to health crises has led to new forms of relationships and empowered the communities. And to promote public health, it provides the opportunity for all members of the society to participate in crisis resolution and optimal use of resources.
社会创新的实施旨在解决社会挑战，特别是在卫生领域，利用社区参与和技术，与传统方法相比，能够更好地满足社会需求。这些创新的一个关键特征是它们能够利用现有能力来应对传染病的爆发，这引起了卫生组织的极大关注。鉴于这些创新的潜力，本研究以综合文献综述的形式，调查了传染病预防和控制方面的社会创新，作为全球主要挑战之一。
本综述研究从 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 12 月 31 日检查了相关文献。根据纳入和排除标准，保留了 50 份文件并进行了全面检查。通过应用主题分析对这些文件进行了分析，并使用数据收集表提取了与社会创新在大流行传染病预防和控制中的应用相关的重要内容。
发现了与传染病预防和控制相关的社会创新的五个主要主题，分别是新产品、新颖的流程和政策、赋权、创新实践和行为以及社区参与。新产品包括控制和管理传染病的技术产品、预防产品、诊断和治疗产品。新颖的流程和政策与重新定位和重组护理方法、控制和监测政策、参与式和创造性策略有关。赋权侧重于增强卫生工作者、社区领导人和社区的能力。创新实践和行为涉及基于技术的参与和支持机制。社区参与与意识、咨询、社区动员以及参与生产和支持有关。
在传染病爆发期间，政府面临着许多挑战，包括健康、经济和社会挑战。为了应对这些挑战，应该使用有能力从多个方面解决问题的工具。作为应对卫生危机的适当过程，社会创新导致了新的关系形式，并赋予了社区权力。为了促进公共卫生，它为社会所有成员参与危机解决和资源的最佳利用提供了机会。
