Ogunnubi Olatunji, Ismail Sara, Okonkwo Rasmus I
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton-in-Ashfield, GBR.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, GBR.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 20;16(10):e71948. doi: 10.7759/cureus.71948. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder occurring in pregnancy presenting with pruritus and the presence of increased levels of serum bile acid. Early onset ICP occurs when this presents before 24 weeks of gestation. This is a rare presentation but can pose a great clinical dilemma. Most often, there are no considerable maternal problems from ICP other than pruritus, which sometimes significantly impacts the quality of life. However, there can be adverse foetal outcomes and complications such as stillbirth. We present the case of an early onset presentation of ICP in a 27-year-old primigravid woman with pruritus and rapidly rising serum bile acid concentration. This report highlights the clinical course and presentation, diagnostic workup, and management approach. In the second trimester, the patient's bile acid levels rose rapidly from 15 μmol/L to 273 μmol/L (normal range: 0-18 μmol/L) over a short time. Her alanine aminotransferase also increased from 22 U/L to 141 U/L (normal range: 0-55 U/L). This prompted close feto-maternal monitoring and swift, robust intervention. She later on went into preterm labour at 30 weeks' gestation and delivered via category 1 lower segment caesarean section due to foetal distress in labour. We highlight through this case that early recognition, close monitoring, and multi-disciplinary care are key to optimise maternal and foetal outcomes in early onset ICP.
妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)是一种在孕期发生的肝脏疾病,表现为瘙痒和血清胆汁酸水平升高。早发型ICP是指在妊娠24周前出现这种情况。这是一种罕见的表现,但可能带来重大的临床困境。大多数情况下,除了瘙痒外,ICP不会给母亲带来其他严重问题,而瘙痒有时会严重影响生活质量。然而,可能会出现不良的胎儿结局和并发症,如死产。我们报告一例27岁初孕妇出现早发型ICP的病例,伴有瘙痒和血清胆汁酸浓度迅速升高。本报告重点介绍了临床过程和表现、诊断检查及管理方法。在孕中期,患者的胆汁酸水平在短时间内从15μmol/L迅速升至273μmol/L(正常范围:0 - 18μmol/L)。她的丙氨酸转氨酶也从22 U/L升至141 U/L(正常范围:0 - 55 U/L)。这促使进行密切的母婴监测并迅速采取有力干预措施。她后来在妊娠30周时出现早产,因产时胎儿窘迫通过1类低位剖宫产分娩。我们通过这个病例强调,早期识别、密切监测和多学科护理是优化早发型ICP母婴结局的关键。