Burstein Dina, Purdue Eliza Loren, Jones Jennifer A, Breeze Janis L, Chen Ye, Sege Robert
Center for Community-Engaged Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Center for Community-Engaged Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
J LGBT Youth. 2024;21(4):659-676. doi: 10.1080/19361653.2023.2230462. Epub 2023 Jul 2.
Gender minority (GM) students are at high risk for substance use and depression. This study explores the role of protective factors in reducing rates of substance use and depression based on high school surveys. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between exposures and outcomes. Youth completed surveys in 2018 (n=16,288) and in 2021 (n=10,792). GM students reported exposure to protective factors less frequently than their cisgender peers: good financial status (88.6% v 96.5% v in 2018 and 95% v 97.8% in 2021), feeling a sense of school/community membership, (mean score 2.7 v 3.0 in 2018 and 2.6 v 3.0 in 2021) or having two or more caring adults in their life (61.5% v 79.7% v in 2018 and 64.2% v. 80.6% in 2021). GM youth experienced risk factors more often than their peers including bias-based bullying (mean score: 0.6 v 0.2 in 2018, 0.5 v. 0.2 in 2021); peer victimization (0.5 v. 0.2 in 2018, 0.3 v 0.1 in 2021), and homelessness/foster care exposure (32.8% v 10.8% in 2018 and 15.8% v. 6.6% in 2021). Several factors mitigated depression and substance use among GM students. GM youth experienced these protective factors less frequently than their peers.
性别少数群体（GM）学生面临药物使用和抑郁的高风险。本研究基于高中调查探讨保护因素在降低药物使用和抑郁发生率方面的作用。进行了单变量和多变量分析以评估暴露因素与结果之间的关联。青少年在2018年（n = 16,288）和2021年（n = 10,792）完成了调查。GM学生报告接触保护因素的频率低于其顺性别同龄人：良好的财务状况（2018年为88.6%对96.5%，2021年为95%对97.8%）、有学校/社区归属感（2018年平均得分2.7对3.0，2021年为2.6对3.0）或生活中有两个或更多关爱他们的成年人（2018年为61.5%对79.7%，2021年为64.2%对80.6%）。GM青少年比同龄人更常经历风险因素，包括基于偏见的欺凌（平均得分：2018年为0.6对0.2，2021年为0.5对0.2）；同伴受害（2018年为0.5对0.2，2021年为0.3对0.1）以及无家可归/寄养经历（2018年为32.8%对10.8%，2021年为15.8%对6.6%）。有几个因素减轻了GM学生的抑郁和药物使用情况。GM青少年经历这些保护因素的频率低于他们的同龄人。
