Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Med Sci (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;12(4):68. doi: 10.3390/medsci12040068.
(1) Background: General nutrition knowledge is a fundamental pillar of well-being and healthy lifestyles. This study aimed to measure the general nutrition knowledge questionnaire (GNKQ) scores of overweight and obese participants who joined a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) and the association between changes in GNKQ scores and changes in anthropometric measures. (2) Methods: A total of 30 and 25 participants had completed the trial at the 3- and 6-month visits, respectively. All participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and received a hypocaloric-tailored diet and three online nutrition education sessions over 6 months. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group supported with weekly telemonitoring and monthly telehealth coaching vs. a control group. The Arabic-validated GNKQ was used, covering four sections: dietary recommendations; food groups and nutrient sources; healthy food choices; and associations between the diet-disease relationship and weight. (3) Results: The findings show that both the intervention and control groups showed improvements in GNKQ scores over time, with the intervention group demonstrating significant increases in overall nutrition knowledge and specific areas, such as the diet-disease relationship and weight management, at 3 months. In addition, changes in GNKQ scores had a significant negative association with BMI and visceral fat percentage. The findings underline the benefits of supporting dietary weight loss interventions with telemonitoring and telehealth coaching, suggesting that an increase in nutrition knowledge may relate to lower body fat metrics. Nevertheless, the small sample size and high attrition rate of participants were the main limitations of this study, such that large populations are required to confirm the reliability of the obtained findings.
（1）背景：一般营养知识是幸福和健康生活方式的基本支柱。本研究旨在测量参加试点随机对照试验（RCT）的超重和肥胖参与者的一般营养知识问卷（GNKQ）评分，以及 GNKQ 评分变化与人体测量指标变化之间的关系。
（2）方法：共有 30 名和 25 名参与者分别在 3 个月和 6 个月的访问中完成了试验。所有参与者都参加了一项随机对照试验（RCT），并在 6 个月内接受低热量定制饮食和三次在线营养教育课程。参与者被随机分为两组：每周接受远程监测和每月接受远程健康指导的干预组与对照组。使用阿拉伯语验证的 GNKQ，涵盖四个部分：饮食建议；食物组和营养来源；健康的食物选择；以及饮食与疾病的关系和体重之间的关联。
（3）结果：研究结果表明，干预组和对照组的 GNKQ 评分均随时间推移而提高，干预组在 3 个月时整体营养知识和特定领域（如饮食与疾病的关系和体重管理）的营养知识显著增加。此外，GNKQ 评分的变化与 BMI 和内脏脂肪百分比呈显著负相关。这些发现强调了通过远程监测和远程健康指导支持饮食减肥干预的益处，表明营养知识的增加可能与较低的体脂指标有关。然而，参与者的样本量小和高流失率是本研究的主要局限性，因此需要更大的人群来确认所获得发现的可靠性。
