Heo Jong-Ik, Ryu Juhee
Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2024 Jan 24;35(1):102128. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102128. eCollection 2024 Mar 12.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that can contain DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites. They are secreted by cells and play a regulatory role in various biological responses by mediating cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, exosomes are of interest in developing therapies for retinal vascular disorders because they can deliver various substances to cellular targets. According to recent research, exosomes can be used as a strategy for managing retinal vascular diseases, and they are being investigated for therapeutic purposes in eye conditions, including glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, retinal ischemia, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. However, the role of exosomal noncoding RNA in retinal vascular diseases is not fully understood. Here, we reviewed the latest research on the biological role of exosomal noncoding RNA in treating retinal vascular diseases. Research has shown that noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs play a significant role in the regulation of retinal vascular diseases. Furthermore, through exosome engineering, the expression of relevant noncoding RNAs in exosomes can be controlled to regulate retinal vascular diseases. Therefore, this review suggests that exosomal noncoding RNA could be considered as a biomarker for diagnosis and as a therapeutic target for treating retinal vascular disease.
外泌体是一种细胞外囊泡，可包含DNA、RNA、蛋白质和代谢产物。它们由细胞分泌，并通过介导细胞间通讯在各种生物学反应中发挥调节作用。此外，外泌体在开发视网膜血管疾病治疗方法方面具有重要意义，因为它们可以将各种物质传递到细胞靶点。根据最近的研究，外泌体可作为治疗视网膜血管疾病的一种策略，并且正在针对包括青光眼、干眼症、视网膜缺血、糖尿病视网膜病变和年龄相关性黄斑变性在内的眼部疾病进行治疗研究。然而，外泌体非编码RNA在视网膜血管疾病中的作用尚未完全明确。在此，我们综述了外泌体非编码RNA在治疗视网膜血管疾病中的生物学作用的最新研究。研究表明，包括微小RNA、环状RNA和长链非编码RNA在内的非编码RNA在视网膜血管疾病的调控中发挥着重要作用。此外，通过外泌体工程，可以控制外泌体中相关非编码RNA的表达，以调节视网膜血管疾病。因此，本综述表明，外泌体非编码RNA可被视为视网膜血管疾病诊断的生物标志物和治疗靶点。
